And this region, key to mapping letters to sounds called phonological awareness.

这个区域是将字母映射到声音的关键，被称为语音意识。

And that suggests the phonological loop is the key factor.

这表明语音循环是关键因素。

Dyslexia is caused by a phonological processing problem, meaning people affected by it have trouble not with seeing language but with manipulating it.

阅读障碍是由音韵处理问题所引起的，意味着受阅读障碍影响的人不是眼睛看语言有问题而是操纵语言有问题。

Instead, you should ask someone to give you the first few letters or some other phonological hint so you can figure it out yourself.

相反，你应该请某人给你几个字母的其他音韵线索，这样你就可以己想出来。

So, I'll first lay out the rule, right the phonological rule, and then I'll give you my rule, which is the shortcut actually.

我将出发音规则，然后我将告诉你们我的规则，也就是捷径。

The shift in reading comprehension with age might also be related to a specific kind of memory called your phonological loop.

随着年龄的增长，阅读理解能力的转变也可能与一种叫做语音循环的特殊记忆有关。

Basically, once they controlled for how much people can keep in their phonological loop, readers in their forties and fifties showed about the same reading comprehension as those over 60.

基本上，一旦他们控制了人们可以保持多少语音循环，四五十岁的读者表现出的阅读理解能力与60岁以上的人是一样的。

That's the phonological loop in action.

这就是语音循环的作用。

However, there are some common phonological features.

但是，有一些共同的语音特征。

OK, well, you can't listen to an audiobook to learn phonics because you're talking about that sound-symbol connection and that phonological processing.

好的，你不能通过听有声书来学习语音，因为你在探讨的是声音与符号的联系以及语音处理。

You have trouble with what's called phonological awareness, where you hear le and pard as two separate

你在这方面有困难， 所谓的音素意识， 你会把“le”和“pard” 听成两个独立的部分。

In the type " a" approach, language is separated into its phonological, lexical components, etc.

在" a" 型方法中，语言被分成语音、词汇等部分。

For many cases of allomorphy, phonological requirement is the underlying reason.

对于许多语素变体的情况来说，音系要求是背后的原因。

Underlying representation: is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have applied to it. Surface representation: a surface representation is the phonetic representation of the word or sound.

底层表：是在应用任何语音规则之前单词语素被假定具有的抽象形式。表面表征：表面表征是单词声音的语音表征。

Phonology: AAVE has distinct phonological features, such as the substitution of " th" sounds with " f" or " v" sounds, and the pronunciation of final consonants.

音系：AAVE具有明显的音系特征，例如“th” 音被“f” “v”音替代，以及最后辅音的发音。

If you have dyslexia, when compared to Italian, it says English has over 1,000 ways to spell its basic set of 40 phonological sounds.

如果你有失读症， 相比意大利语，英语有超过1000种方式来拼写其基本的40个音素声音。

Besides, nasalization, dentalization, and velarization are also typical phonological process.

此外，鼻音化、齿音化、软腭化也是典型的语音过程。

Firstly, a word can stand alone in the sense of phonology, as a word represents a phonological domain within which pauses will not fall.

以英语单词为例。，从音系学的角度来看，一个词可以独立存在，因为一个词代表一个不会有停顿的音系领域。

Phonological role: Vowels and consonants play distinct roles in the phonological structure of languages.

语音作用：元音和辅音在语言的语音结构中起着不同的作用。

Bilabialization and devoicing are both phonological processes that occur in the context of speech sounds and can have significant effects on the pronunciation and perception of words.

双唇化和清音都是在语音背景下发生的语音过程， 对单词的发音和感知有重大影响。