I can look at phonetics and phonology — speech sounds.

我可以研究语学和韵学——还有语。

Research has found explicit support and instruction in areas like phonology, syntax, and spelling can lead to success for dyslexic learners.

研究发现，在韵学、语法和拼写等方面的明确支持和指导可以帮助失读症学习者取得成功。

For example, our hearing tunes into the phonology, the sounds, of the languages we speak.

例如，我们的听觉会适应我们所说语言的韵学，也就是那些。

Unless you think it'll be more worthwhile for me to do the phonology course?

除非你觉得我上韵学课更值得？

So in the next lecture, we will move on to phonetics and phonology.

所以在下一节课中，我们将进入语学和系学。

Overall, English has something like, I think, 45 different  sounds in our phonology, depending on your accent.

总体来说，英语有大约45个同的素，这取决于你的口。

But what you don't find in any real sense is phonology, morphology, syntax, combinatorial systems or arbitrary names.

但你找到何真正意义上的韵学、形态学、句法、组合系意名称。

On the analogy of distinctive features in phonology, some linguists suggest that there are SEMANTIC FEATURES, or SEMANTIC COMPONENTS.

根据系学中的区别特征，一些语言学家建议也应设语义特征（Semantic Feature），叫语义成分（Sematic Component）。

Nevertheless, semantics remains the least known area in linguistics, compared with phonetics, phonology, morphology and syntax.

然而，跟语学、系学、形态学、句法学相比，语义学仍然是语言学中最为人知的领域。

Yeah i think for instance is that you know many species are changing distributions and they're changing also their phonology.

是的，我认为例如，你知道许多物种正在改变它们的分布，它们也在改变它们的生命周期。

The Prague School is best known and remembered for its contribution to phonology and the distinction between phonetics and phonology.

布拉格学派因其对系学的贡献以及语学与系学之间的区别而闻名并被人们铭记。

As Trubetzkoy, in his Principles of Phonology(1939), argued phonetics belonged to " parole" whereas phonology belonged to " langue" .

正如特鲁别茨科伊在他的《系学原理》（1939）中所说，语学属于“言语” ，而系学属于“语言” 。

Firstly, a word can stand alone in the sense of phonology, as a word represents a phonological domain within which pauses will not fall.

以英语单词为例。首先，从系学的角度来看，一个词可以独立存在，因为一个词代表一个会有停顿的系领域。

The differences between phonologies of Ket and different Nadeneh languages is pretty big, and I mean, we're talking about thousands of years here after all.

凯特语和同纳德内语的系之间的差异相当大，我的意思是， 毕竟我们谈论的是几千年的历史。

Phonology: AAVE has distinct phonological features, such as the substitution of " th" sounds with " f" or " v" sounds, and the pronunciation of final consonants.

系：AAVE具有明显的系特征，例如“th” 被“f” “v”替代，以及最后辅的发。

In phonology, the corresponding sounds made with these parts of the tongue are often referred to as CORONAL (tip and blade), DORSAL (front and back) and RADICAL (root).

口腔的下部包括下唇、下齿、舌和下颌 (下颚)。在语学里，舌分成五个部分：舌尖、舌叶、舌前、舌后和舌根。在系学中，一般依据发所涉及的舌位分为三类：舌冠 (舌尖、舌叶)，舌背 (舌前、舌后) 和舌根 (舌根)。

And what we had spoken about was--We first talked about universals of language, then moved to some detail about the different aspects of language including phonology, morphology, and syntax.

我们所讨论的是——我们首先讨论了语言的共性，然后讨论了语言同方面的一些细节，包括韵学、形态学和句法。

Once he has been accepted, Dr Kaufman and his colleagues start chipping away at the language's phonology (the sounds of which it is composed) and its syntax (how its meaning is changed by the order of words and phrases).

一旦他被录用，考夫曼博士及其同事就开始断研究那种语言的位学（即组成这个体系的各种发）和句法（其词汇和短语的次序如何改变意思）。

Theoretical Linguistics is the analysis of language structure focusing on analysis of the sound patterns of language (phonology), the structure of words (morphology), the structure of sentences (syntax), and the interpretation of words and sentences(semantics).

理论语言学是对语言结构的分析，重点分析语言的模式（系学）、词语结构（形态学）、句子结构（句法）以及词语和句子的解释（语义学）。

It's coming from a field called paralanguage or paralinguistics, which sort of deals with  anything and everything alongside linguistics that colors kind of what we're saying, but  that isn't words, and that isn't grammar, and that isn't phonology.

它来自一个叫做副语言学副语言学的领域，它与语言学一起处理何事情， 这些语言学为我们所说的内容增添了色彩，但那是单词， 是语法，也是韵学。