Photoreceptors contain thousands of molecules called photopigments, which are sensitive to particular colors.

感细胞含有数千被称为感色素的分子，这些分子对特定颜色敏感。

Most jumping spiders only have green-sensitive and UV-sensitive photopigments in their retinas.

大多数跳蛛的视网膜中仅含有对绿色和紫外线敏感的色素。

In this state, photopigments can't absorb light well and need to regenerate.

这状，色素吸收的能力减弱，需要进行再生。

When a light-photon strikes a pigment, part of the photopigment's structure, known as chromophore, absorbs the energy by temporarily altering its molecular structure in a process called bleaching.

当线子撞击色素时，色素结构的一部分，称为发色团，通过暂时改变其分子结构来吸收能量，这一过程称为漂白。

And, to throw in a small twist from genetic evidence, there was a study from 2012 that looked at the evolution of photopigments in the eye that detect color.

而且， 从基因证据中加入一个小转折，2012年有一项研究探讨了眼睛中检测颜色的视蛋白的进化。

Rather than evolving new photopigments, they added an internal filter to some of their green-sensitive cone cells, which cuts out green light and forces those cells to respond only to longer wavelengths like red.

它们并未进化出新的色素，而是部分对绿敏感的视锥细胞中加入了一个内部滤器，这个滤器能阻挡绿， 迫使这些细胞只对红色等更长波长的产生反应。