1.So slavery is necessary for the life of the polis for there to be open to citizens.

因此，为了让公民有机会过上城邦生活，奴隶制是必要的。

2.Most poleis were governed by rich aristocrats, who  monopolized the best lands and political power.

大多数城邦都由富有的贵族统治，断了最好的土地和政治权力。机翻

3.Politics, which is the business of people being together, " polis" meaning people.

政治，是人聚在一起的事， “polis” 就是人的意思。机翻

4.It testifies to the active, public debate about man, language and the polis in democratic Athens.

它证明了民主雅典关于人、语言和城邦的积极公开辩论。机翻

5.The claim is that poetry that does this will have to be excluded from a philosophically well-ordered polis.

声称这样做的诗歌将不得不排除在哲学上井然有序的城邦之外。机翻

6." The end and purpose of a polis is the good life, and the institutions of social life are means to that end."

“城邦的目标和目的是美好的生活，社会生活的体制就是为此而建立。”

7." A polis is not an association for residents on a common site, or for the sake of preventing mutual injustice and easing exchange." Aristotle writes.

“城邦不仅仅是同一地区居民的团体，也不仅仅是为了预防彼此间的不公或为了方便交易。”亚里士多德写道。

8.For Goldhill—and we will return to this in Part 5—it is therefore striking that Aristotle barely mentions the polis in the Poetics and the civic frame of tragedy is silenced.

对于戈德希尔——我将在第 5 部分回到这一点——因此令人惊讶的是， 亚里士多德在《诗学》中几乎没有提到城邦， 而悲剧的公民框架却沉默了。机翻

9.For Aristotle the whole point of law, the purpose of polis is to shape character, to cultivate the virtue of citizens, to inculcate civic excellence, to make possible a good way of life.

对亚里士多德而言，法律的意义，以及城邦的目的都在于塑造公民性格，培养公民德行，教授公民才能，让美好生活成为可能。

10.He gives a partial answer, a preliminary answer, in Book One of the Politics where he tells us that only by living in a polis, and participating in politics, do we fully realize our nature as human beings.

在《政治学》第一卷中给出了一个不完整的初步答案。书中说，只有生活在城邦中，只有参与政治，我才能完全实现人类的本性。

11.A " polis" is a Greek word meaning " city, " so the name Indianapolis means, if you will, " Indiana City, " " Indiana" coming from the word " Indian" meaning, in this case, Native Americans.

“polis” 是一个希腊词， 意思是“城市” ，所以印第安纳波利斯这个名字的意思是， 果你愿意的话， “印第安纳城”，“印第安纳” 来自“印第安” 一词，在这种情况下， 意思是美洲原住民。机翻

12.Eventually, the Greeks began  to trade goods such as pottery, wine, cloth, and metalwork. This newfound trade  made some citizens very wealthy – wealthy enough to challenge the aristocrats that oversaw the  polis and stage hostile take-overs in some cases.

最终，希腊人开始交易陶器、葡萄酒、布料和金属制品等商品。这种新发现的贸易使一些公民变得非常富有——富有到足以挑战监管城邦的贵族，并在某些情况下进行敌意收购。机翻