Some of these new drugs have been tested in preclinical trials with laboratory animals.

其中一些新型药物已经在实验室里动物进行了临床试验。

Which we did, in preclinical animal models.

我们在临床动物模型中做到了。

The basic way you think about it is, preclinical studies, animals, understanding it, purity, reproducibility.

你考虑它的基本方式是，临床研究，动物，理解它，纯度，再现性。

Their therapeutic utility for cancer and degenerative disease is presently under investigation in preclinical model systems.

它们对癌症和退行性疾病的治正在临床期模型系统中进行研究。

This needs to be investigated in multiple levels, in what we refer to the preclinical environment, so looking at cells or animals.

“这需要进行多层次调查，在我们所说的临床环境中，对细胞或动物进行研究。

Without the A.I. model, many more years of preclinical testing would have been required beyond the three years it took Pharnext, says Cohen.

科恩表示，没有了AI模型，除了Pharnext所花费的三年时间，可能还需要更多时间来进行临床测试。

Researchers don't move on from the preclinical testing phase until they prove that the vaccine is unlikely to harm anyone.

在证明疫苗不太可能伤害任何人之，研究人员不会从临床测试阶段继续进。

Once the exploratory stage is finished, researchers move on to the preclinical stage, where testing is done in petri dishes or on animals.

探索阶段完成后， 研究人员将进入临床阶段，在培养皿或动物身上进行测试。

They're called the " Last Gift cohort." And to test in these altruistic patients next year, we have to finish our preclinical tests this year ...

他们被称为“最后的礼物队列” 。 为了明年在这些无私的患者身上进行测试，我们必须在今年完成我们的临床测试. . . . . .

If they do indeed outlive conventionally transfused cells, as the researchers hope and preclinical studies suggest they will, then recipients will not need such frequent transfusions.

如果真的像研究人员希望以及临床研究表明的那样，人造红细胞确实比常规输血中输入的细胞存活时间更长，那么接受者就可以减少输血频率。

The preclinical data for the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine showed no impact on fertility in animals that would lead researchers to suspect there would be issues with humans.

COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗的临床数据显示对动物的生育能力没有影响，这将导致研究人员怀疑人类会有问题。

The goal of preclinical tests is to see if the vaccine truly works on the pathogen -- in this case, the virus that causes COVID-19 -- and also to test the safety of a vaccine.

临床测试的的是查看疫苗是否真的对病原体起作——在这种情况下，是导致 COVID-19 的病毒——并测试疫苗的安全性。