I bet it was Barbara Chen in retrovirus.

肯定是酶病毒部门的Barbara Chen。

Her case was presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Denver, Colorado.

在科罗拉多州丹佛市举行的病毒和机会性感染会议展示了她的病例。

HIV, a retrovirus that infects various human cell types, can lead to FSGS and is called HIV-associated nephropathy.

HIV，一种感染人类不同细胞的病毒，可能导致FSGS，称为HIV相关肾病。

HIV is a single-stranded, positive-sense, enveloped RNA retrovirus, meaning that it injects its single strand of RNA into the T-helper cell.

HIV是单链、正义、有囊膜的RNA病毒，也就是说，病毒会将单链DNA注入辅助T细胞中。

Because HIV is a retrovirus, the RNA is transcribed into DNA, represented here by a zipper of two RNA strands transcribing into DNA.

由于艾滋病毒是向病毒，所以RNA被为DNA，在这里以拉鍊代表两条RNA为DNA。

The one thing itdoes do is make it possible for retroviruses, such as the AIDS virus, to slip unnoticed into the human system.

它所做的一件事就是使诸如艾滋病病毒的酶病毒神不知鬼不觉地溜进人体系统中。

HIV is a retrovirus, meaning it integrates copies of itself into an infected cell's DNA, allowing it to replicate and infect other cells.

艾滋病病毒是一种病毒，它能把自物质整合复制到被感染细胞的DNA中，实现自我复制并感染其他细胞。

It is called the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV), and this virus has the potential to cause a viral epidemic similar to HIV.

它被称为猪内源性病毒 (PERV)，这种病毒有可能引起类似于 HIV 的病毒流行。

The " retro" part of retrovirus isn't referring to its style, but refers to it needing to use an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to transcribe a complementary double-stranded piece of " proviral" DNA.

病毒“retrovirus”中的“retro”并不是指复古风格，而是指它需要酶合成前病毒DNA的互补双链。

Scientists wanted to know the structure of a protein-cutting enzyme produced by a retrovirus similar to HIV. They haven't been able to solve the protein structure using standard computational methods.

科学家们很想掌握由向病毒所衍生的蛋白剪切酶的结构，而向病毒是指，比如HIV这样的病毒。这类蛋白结构是不能通过标准算法法则推导就直接得出的。

On that day Deborah Persaud of Johns Hopkins University announced to the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, in Atlanta, Georgia, that a patient under her care had been cured of HIV infection.

约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的黛博拉·佩尔绍德于当日在佐治亚州亚特兰大的病毒和机会感染会议上宣布，她负责的一个感染HIV的病人已被治愈。

RNA tests screen for viral RNA, so they also detect the virus directly, and DNA tests look for copies of the viral RNA (since remember it's a retrovirus so it copies its genetic material into DNA).

RNA检测是筛查病毒RNA，因此可以直接检测病毒；DNA检测是检测病毒RNA的复制产物，因为HIV是病毒，它将自的物质复制到DNA中。

So researchers think that, more than 190 million years ago, some retrovirus attacked one of our mammal ancestors, and inserted bits of its genetic material into its host's DNA that made that viral protein.

因此，研究人员认为， 在 1.9 亿多年前，一些病毒攻击了我们的哺乳动物祖先之一，并将其​​物质的一部分插入宿主的 DNA 中， 从而产生该病毒蛋白。