The flow of the veins are similar to the arteries but in reverse, the only difference is that there's a segmental artery but no segmental vein.

静脉血流和动脉相似，只是血流方向相反，唯不同的是存在肾段动脉，但没有肾段静脉。

Alright, so as a quick recap, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a nephrotic syndrome characterized by sclerosis and hyalinosis in some, but not all, glomeruli, and usually only affects part of the glomeruli that it affects.

得！快速回顾下：灶节段性肾球肾炎是种肾病综合征，以分肾球的硬化和玻璃样变为特征，通常只影响肾球的分。

The demyelination happens in patches along the length of the axon, so it's called segmental demyelination.

因为轴突上只发生限性的脱髓鞘，因此又称为节段性脱髓鞘。

Alright so on histology, there'll be segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis of the glomeruli, and under electron microscope, there's effacement of the foot processes of the podocytes.

在组织学上，患者的组织活检会现肾球节段性硬化和玻璃样变，在电镜下可见足细胞足突消失。

Segmental means that only a segment, or part of the glomeruli is affected, and focal means that among all those glomeruli in the kidney, only some are affected.

节段性，意思是只有肾球的分；灶性，是指在肾组织所有肾球中，只有分肾球。

So focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a type of nephrotic syndrome, that's helpful, but why does the glomerulus develop segmental sclerosis in the first place?

那么灶节段性肾球肾炎是肾病综合征的种，这很有帮助，但肾球是如何原发性地产生节段性硬化的呢？

So from this kind of segment, then we can conduct segmental analysis.

因此，从这类片段发，我们可以进行分段分析。

Its drum was merely an additional story, full of segmental rooms.

它的鼓只是个额外的故事，充满了分段房间。

This model incorporates an improved subgrade modulus and treats each segmental ring as a Timoshenko short beam, with each circumferential joint modeled by two mechanical springs.

该模型采用了改进的路基模量，并将每个节段环视为个 Timoshenko 短梁，每个圆周接头由两个机械弹簧建模。

So this time we choose out gender as a segmental to cross with other segmentals and thus we have the new data analysis.

因此，这次我们选择性别作为其中个细分维度，与其他细分维度进行交叉分析，从而获得了新的数据解读。

Each segmental ring is treated as a Timoshenko beam, while the circumferential joints are represented by linear rotational and shearing springs.

每个节段环都被视为 Timoshenko 梁，而圆周接头则由线性旋转弹簧和剪切弹簧表示。

However, increasing the distance between two areas is an effective measure to eliminate the adverse effects on the segmental joint.

然而，增加两个区域之间的距离是消除对节段性关节不利影响的有效措施。

Each segmental ring is divided into n1 nodes and 4 virtual displacement nodes are defined at the two ends of the tunnel (Figure 2).

每个节段环分为 n1 个节点，并在隧道的两端定义 4 个虚拟位移节点（图 2）。

E denotes Young's modulus of the segmental ring, I is theareamomentofinertiaofthetunnelcross-section, G is the shear modulus, A is the tunnel cross-sectional area.

E 表示节段环的杨氏模量，I 是隧道横截面的惯性面积矩，G 是剪切模量，A 是隧道横截面积。

The segmental ring is simulated by Timoshenko short beam with reduction bending stiffness.

段环由 Timoshenko 短梁模拟，降低了弯曲刚度。

Comparatively, circumferential joints between segmental rings are more pron to dislocation and rotation, resulting in the sharp deformation and steps.

相对而言，节段环之间的圆周节理更易发生位错和旋转，导致剧烈变形和台阶。

When the tunnel stress field reaches a certain threshold, segmental rupture, leakage, segmental joint opening, and varying degrees of other damage will occur.

当隧道应力场达到定阈值时，将发生节段破裂、渗漏、节段节理张开等不同程度的破坏。

Each segmental ring is treated as a Timoshenko beam.

每个分段环被视为个Timoshenko光束。

However, the Timoshenko beam may provide a more accurate representation of the segmental ring to model the ring dislocation, given that the height of the ring is significantly greater than its width.

然而，Timoshenko 梁可以提供更准确的分段环表示来模拟环位错，因为环的高度明显大于其宽度。

2 FORMULATION 21Beam-spring model Figure 1A shows the simplified longitudinal beam-spring model (LBSM) on the Vlasov foundation, based on the model presented by Zhang This simplified model has been further improved to incorporate the shearing dislocation of segmental rings.

2 公式 21梁弹簧模型 图 1A 显示了基于 Zhang 提的模型，在 Vlasov 基础上简化的纵向梁弹簧模型 （LBSM） 这个简化模型得到了进步改进，以纳入节段环的剪切位错。