The materials in question are quantum dots, the informal name for chemical structures also known as semiconducting nanocrystals.

所讨论材料是量子点，这是化结构非正式名称， 也称为半导体纳米晶体。

You can use a panel of solar cells to create the current directly, by liberating electrons from a semiconducting material such as silicon.

可以使用一块太阳能池板从硅等半导体材料中释放子来直接制造流。

By changing the electrical charge of the gate, the conductivity of the semiconducting material can be manipulated, allowing current to flow or be stopped – like the water faucet analogy we discussed earlier.

通过改变" 门" ，我们可以控制半导体导性，允许流流动或停止——就像前面提到水龙头比喻。