Chekhov was born in 1860. His paternal grandfather had been a serf.

契诃夫出生于1860年 祖父曾是奴。

You could gamble serfs, real people.

你可以押上奴。

Historians see enormous political and economic impacts. Worker shortages gave serfs more bargaining power and hastened the end of feudalism.

历史学家看到了巨大的政治和经济影响。工短缺给奴们更多的议价能力，加速了封建主义的终结。

On the way he fell in with some peasants carting manure, a few of Markelov's former serfs.

在路上，他遇到了一些运粪肥的民， 其中有几个是马尔克洛夫以前的奴。

And then there's me... the peasant, the serf.

然后是我… … 民，奴。

She said she was his serf, his slave, and she opened her yearning heart and took him in.

她说她是他的奴，他的奴隶，她开了向往的心，收留了他。

Dressing up as a peasant and walking amongst the serfs.

穿的像个被奴簇拥着的夫。

I get a lot of bad mail from the serfs.

我收到奴寄来的坏邮件。

Others were more like European serfs.

其他的则更像欧洲的奴。

But in this virtual reality, we are like serfs, toiling on the lands of medieval lords.

但在这个虚拟现实中，我们就像奴一样，在中世纪领主的土地上劳作。

The serf dictator? ) It is also a reflection of the different directions in which bosses are pulled.

奴独裁者？）也是老板被拉向同方向的体现。

His father was Ilya Nikolayevich Ulyanov who had been born into a serf family in Russia

他的父亲是伊利亚·尼古拉耶维奇·乌里扬诺夫，出生于俄罗斯的一个奴家庭。

" I am but one thing, the serf of Clochegourde, " I said in a low voice to the countess.

“我只是一回事，克洛什古德的奴，”我低声对伯爵夫说。

As a boy, Dostoyevsky had spent the summer at his family's home in the country and he had become friends with the serfs.

还是孩子的时候，陀思妥耶夫斯基曾在乡下的家里避暑，与那里的奴成了朋友。

" Your brother-in-law's old serfs, as far as one can judge, do not seem to be poor, " Nejdanov remarked.

涅日丹诺夫说：“你姐夫的老奴，看样子，倒穷。”

Her neighbor Lopakhin, a former serf, encourages her to chop down the orchard and divide the estate into parcels for middle-class people to build summer homes.

她的曾经是奴的邻居劳帕金鼓励她砍掉果园 把庄园分成小块用来给中产阶级建造避暑别墅。

This is because Medieval society followed a feudal system that divided the clergy and nobility from the working classes, made up of peasants and serfs.

这是因为中世纪社会遵循封建制度，将神职员和贵族与由民和奴组成的工阶级分开。

The serf wore the blue coat, which was the customary garb of serving-men at that period, and long before, in the old hereditary halls of England.

奴身穿蓝色外套，这是那个时期和很久以前英国古老的世袭厅堂中仆的习惯装束。

There was one rather good sentence in it about our liberated serf, who was to march over the face of the fatherland bearing a torch in his hand.

里面有一句很好的句子，说的是我们解放了的奴，他将手持火炬，踏上祖国的土地。

Florence Nightingale, the (inaudible) service, thank you very much, in public health, you know, but it also pushed Russia eventually into a reformist period with the emancipation of the serfs.

佛罗伦萨南丁格尔， （听清）服务，非常感谢你， 在公共卫生方面，你知道，但它也最终将俄罗斯推向了奴解放的改革时期。