That can lead to an overactive pelvic floor, bladder pain, urgency, or urinary incontinence.

这可致盆底肌松弛、膀胱痛、尿急或者尿失禁。

They include impotence, erectile dysfunction, urinary incontinence, rectal tearing, fecal incontinence.

这些副作用包阳痿， 勃起功障碍，尿失禁，直肠撕裂，大便失禁。

Now, there are a few types of urinary incontinence.

尿失禁分为几种。

Plaques can also involve the autonomic nervous system which can lead to bowel and bladder symptoms like constipation and urinary incontinence, as well as sexual symptoms like sexual dysfunction.

硬化斑也影响自主神经系统，致肠道与膀胱症状（便秘和尿失禁）和性功障碍。

Alright, as a quick recap, urinary incontinence occurs when urine involuntarily leaves the bladder —through the internal and external sphincter muscles.

得！快速回顾一下：尿失禁是指尿液不自主地通过内外约肌离开膀胱。

Urinary incontinence is particularly problematic because it affects a person's personal hygiene as well as their social life in a way that can be very limiting.

尿失禁很麻烦，因为它不仅影响个人卫生，还限制社生活。

Finally, there are various conditions like diabetes, bladder cancer, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis, as well as procedures such as prostatectomy or hysterectomy that can damage the nerves involved with the micturition reflex, ultimately leading to urinary incontinence.

最后，还有多种疾病，如糖尿病、膀胱癌、帕金森病、多发性硬化，以及如前列腺摘除术或子宫切除术等手术，都有可损伤排尿反射涉及的神经，最终致尿失禁。

They can be physical, so that's hot flushes, joint pain, urinary incontinence, heavy periods.

它们可是身体上的，比如、节疼痛、尿失禁、月经量大。

According to the Mayo Clinic, there are a few different types of urinary incontinence.

梅奥诊所指出，尿失禁有几种不同类型。

Vanessa, can we turn now to urinary incontinence?

瓦内萨，我们现在可以谈谈尿失禁的问题吗？

These are men with prostate disease or men with urinary incontinence from other problems, and there are claims made that pelvic floor exercises, squatting, squats, et cetera, will improve the blood flow, and therefore, their erections will get better.

这些是患有前列腺疾病或因其他问题致尿失禁的男性，有说法称骨盆底运动、下蹲等练习可以改善血液流动，从而让他们的勃起状况得到改善。

In the long term, it can cause urinary incontinence or kidney problems such as stones.

长期憋尿可致尿失禁或肾脏问题，如结石。

And there are some studies that say there's about 40 million people in the UK that have some degree of urinary incontinence.

一些研究表明，英国约有4000万人存在不同程度的尿失禁问题。

Obstetric Fistula, by the way, is a tear between the birth canal and rectum, caused by prolonged, obstructed labor which often results in infection and urinary incontinence.

顺便说一句，产科瘘是产道和直肠之间的撕裂，由长时间、难产引起，通常致感染和尿失禁。

So there are a number of types that are considered when we think about the diagnosis of urinary incontinence.

所以在考虑尿失禁的诊断时，考虑到几种类型。

Vanessa, urinary incontinence came up a lot when we were making that program and we heard there the impact that it has on people.

范妮莎，在制作那个节目时，我们经常谈到尿失禁的问题，并且了解到它对人们的影响。

So you gain weight, you've got other menopausal symptoms, and that can all contribute to the urinary incontinence.

所以你增重， 还出现其他更年期症状，这些都可致尿失禁。

And what came up time and time again was urinary incontinence.

而一再被提到的是尿失禁。

We do see urinary incontinence with the menopause, and that's because within the menopause, you've got reduced estrogen levels.

我们在更年期确实看到尿失禁的情况，这是因为更年期雌激素水平下降。

What is actually causing urinary incontinence?

什么是真正致尿失禁的原因？