Next, let's talk about the vacuole.

接着说说液泡吧。

A plant cell usually has one large vacuole, whereas an animal cell may have several smaller ones, called vesicles.

植物细通常有一个大液泡，而动物细可能会有许多较小的液泡，成为囊泡。

Vacuoles are basically storage tanks that the cell uses to hold water or other materials.

液泡基本上算作储存器，被细保存水或者是其他物质。

The role of the vacuole is to provide support for the cell shape and to store sugars.

液泡的作是为细形状提并储存糖分。

That way, the cells would use autophagy to send stuff to the vacuole.

这样，细就会利自噬将物质输送到液泡。

Finally, plant cells also contain structures known as vacuoles; these are filled with a watery substance which contains dissolved sugars called cell sap.

最后，植物细还包含被称为液泡的结构；这些液泡中充满了含有溶解糖分的水样物质，称为细液。

Then the cell flushes digestive enzymes inside the food vacuole to start the digestion.

然后细冲洗食物液泡内的消化酶以开始消化。

And vacuoles are also more of a plant thing — they're fluid-filled organelles that maintain pressure in the plant cell to keep the plant from wilting.

液泡更像是植物的东西——它们是充满液体的细器，在植物细中保压力，防止植物枯萎。

While some animal cells have small ones, as much as ninety percent of a plant cell's volume can be taken up by the vacuole.

一些动物细的液泡很小，而植物细的液泡占细体积的 90% 之多。

Vacuoles are often the largest organelle in a plant cell, and when plants do not get enough water, their vacuoles shrink, and the plant begins to wilt.

植物细中液泡通常是最大的细器。当细不能得到充足水分时，它们的液泡就会收缩，继而植物枯萎。

Vacuoles help cells grow, store proteins and sugars, and often contain colored pigments, so we have them to thank for the pretty pink petals on our roses.

液泡帮助细生长，储存蛋白质和糖，通常含有有色色素，所以我们的玫瑰上有漂亮的粉红色花瓣就要感谢它们。

He reasoned that if the backlog of stuff didn’t pile up in the vacuole, the genes that were supposed to send it there had to be the ones that has been turned off.

他推断，如果积压的物质没有堆积在液泡中，那么本应将其发送到液泡中的基因就必须被关闭。