Though his experiments were discredited, much like the rest of vitalism, traces of his theory still come up in popular culture.

虽然他的实验和其他活力理论样没有被承认，我们仍在流行文化中找到其理论的踪迹。

One ancient theory was an idea called vitalism, which claimed that living things were unique because they were filled with a special substance, or energy, that was the essence of life.

有被称为“活力论”的古老的理论认为生物是独特的，因为生物充满特别的物质或，种物质就是生物的本质。

Chemical discoveries intersected  with philosophical debates on vitalism versus materialism.

化学发现与关于活力论与唯物论的哲学辩论交织在起。

This is related to a old and very much debunked idea within science called vitalism, which for a while, because again, we did, we watched things happen and then came up with rules based on experiments after.

与科学中古老且已被彻底否定的观念有关， 称为活力论。段时间内，因为我们观察到了些现象， 然后根据实验得出了规则。

And then the vitalism that he's talking about is a bit unclear as well, but yeah, he's sympathetic to monism in some ways, but just not in the way it's used by Schopenhauer to explain things.

而且， 他所说的活力论也有些模糊不清，但他确实以某种方式同情元论，只是不认同叔本华用它来解释事物的方式。

If vitalism, you mean that everything reduces to one single demi-urge.

如果说的是活力论，你的意思是万物归结于单的造物主。

He's also definitely against vitalism, right?

他确实也反对活力论，对吧？