That's enough to fend off economy-harming deflation.

这些就足以抵御有害于经济的缩的影响了。

The beginnings of this problem can be traced back to America, where people with a poor credit history were allowed to take out mortgages, which they were unable to repay.

此次信贷缩的根源在于美国。在美国，及时拥有不良信贷记录的人们也可以办理抵押贷款，而他们根本没有能力偿还。

One is the ongoing fiscal contraction.

第一个因素是持续的财政缩。

Many, however, blame the austerity measures of president Temer's government for the current social disintegration.

然而很多人指责是特梅尔政府的缩政策导致了当下的社会分化。

There are necessary times of retrenchment when, whatever we might desire, there seems no alternative but to stop.

有一些必要的缩时间，这时无论我们希望什么，似乎都别无选择只能暂停。

After that anti-inflation plan in the mid-90s, the name changed to 'real' - one 'real', ten 'reais' - this is for the plural.

90年代中期的缩性币政策之后，名字变成了雷亚尔，英单词是real，复数形式是" reais" .

This is historic for Japan, which has seen years and years of deflation.

这对经历了多年缩的日本来说是历史性的变革。

The cut is also part of wider austerity measures to help the economy.

此举也是帮助经济的更广泛的缩措施之一。

Post-war austerity had thawed, and the country had entered a consumerist, “candyfloss world”.

战后的财政缩已经开始缓解，整个英国已经进入一个像棉花糖一样美好的消费时代。

Countries like Britain want their EU contributions to fall in line with national austerity cuts.

英国等国希望将自己的欧盟贡献削减到与国家缩削减相符的水平。

Britain chose the path of austerity — cutting government spending, including public services.

而英国选择的是缩方案，即减少包括公共服务资金在内的政府开支。

Wan with nerves, the chancellor of the exchequer was able to announce to Parliament the best economic figures in five years of faltering growth, falling living standards and painful spending cuts.

这位财政大臣面色苍白，张兮兮地向国会宣读了经济疲软、生活标准下降和财政缩的五年以来令人振奋的经济数据。

The conditions of these loans included the institution's perennial demands for austerity and tighter monetary policies – even though none of these governments had run significant deficits, nor seen much inflation in their economies in the run-up to the crisis.

尽管在金融危机爆发前，这些国家的政府都没有出现过巨额赤字，也没有出现过严重的经济胀，但是，获得这些贷款的条件仍涉及该机构对收缩及缩币政策的长期要求。

In Greece-where EU-imposed austerity measures have been felt hardest-the left-wing anti-EU party Syriza topped the poll. There has been a rejection of mainstream political parties in many European countries, said Andrea Mammone of Royal Holloway University.

在经历欧盟最严苛缩措施的希腊，反欧盟的政党左派联盟在选举中胜出。马莫内表示欧洲很多国家现在都在抗拒主流政党。

One implication which strikes me is that those who are the most advantaged in terms of wealth, power and privilege should feel the effect of austerity measures as much as those who are least advantaged.

其中给我冲击最大的一方面就是，在财富，权利和权益方面有着最大优势的人应该和处于劣势的群体同样感受到缩措施的影响。

The Portuguese government has been under pressure to move away from the austerity measures as the economy heads for a three straight years of recession with more than 17 per cent of its workforce jobless.

葡萄牙政府一直面对要求放弃缩政策的压力，目前该国经济已经连续三年衰退，失业率超过17%。

The demonstration in several towns and cities across the country was organized by Portugal’s largest trade union federation which has opposed to the harsh austerity measures imposed as part of the country’s Euro Zone bailout.

全国几个城镇和城市都举行了游行，组织者是葡萄牙最大的贸易联盟，该组织反对严厉的缩政策，该政策是葡萄牙欧元区救助协议的一部分。

The first two stages, a radical monetary loosening by the Bank of Japan( BoJ) and a generous fiscal stimulus, were aimed at jolting consumers out of their deflationary mindset and inspiring firms to invest.

前两步是过日本银行激进的币宽松政策和强劲的财政刺激，去除消费者缩的思维定势，激励企业投资。

Meanwhile, the aggressive monetary tightening of the past year is only now filtering through to the economy, complicating assessments of whether the Fed has in fact done enough to rein in prices.

与此同时，过去一年大刀阔斧的币缩直到现在才开始渗透到经济中，这导致针对美联储是否真的采取了足够的措施控制物价的评估变得复杂。

And we'll talk in the future about inflation and deflation and the fact that there is a constraint on how much gold can be produced, but you can print money.

将来我们会谈到膨胀和缩 以及这样的事实 黄金的产量是受限制的，但是你可以印纸币。