Interestingly, one of the most effective antipsychotic drugs, clozapine, is a weak D2 antagonist, suggesting that other neurotransmitter systems like norepinephrine, serotonin, and GABA are involved.

有趣是，最有效抗精病药之一，氯氮平，是一种弱D2受体拮抗剂；这提示其它经递质系统，比如去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺、γ-氨基也与疾病有关。

Gamma-amino butyric acid, or GABA, for example, is a chemical thatshuts down nerve cells.

如γ-氨基或伽马氨基，是可以使经细胞关闭化学物质。

Sanatech Seed has already started accepting online orders for Sicilian Rouge High GABA tomatoes.

Sanatech Seed 公司已经开始接收订购" 高伽马氨基西西里胭脂" 西红柿线上订单。

GAD helps make gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which regulates motor neurons in the brain.

谷氨脱羧酶有助于制造γ-氨基（GABA），它调节大脑中运动经元。

And from animal studies, we know that alcohol stimulates the release of the neurotransmitter GABA, short for gamma-aminobutyric acid, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, meaning it makes neurons a little less likely to fire.

从动物研究中，我们知道酒精会刺激经递质 GABA 释放，这是γ-氨基缩写，它是一种抑制性经递质，意味着它可以使经元不太可能激活。

Others have a variation in GABA transmission that makes them especially sensitive to the sedative effects of alcohol, which decreases their risk of developing disordered drinking.

还有人会因为氨基传异，致对酒精镇静作用非常灵敏，而这会降低他们酗酒可能性。

After that happens, the liver turns the fatty acids into ketone bodies, like acetoacetic acid and beta hydroxybutyric acid; acetoacetic acid is a ketoacid because it has a ketone group and a carboxylic acid group.

此后，肝把脂肪转化成酮体，比如乙酰乙、β-羟基；乙酰乙是一种酮，因为它有酮基团和羧基团。

And any given odorant, like this pizza, is made up of hundreds of different chemicals that you can smell, like the thymol of the oregano, the butyric acid of the cheese, and the acetylpyrazine of the crust.

任何特定气味，比如这个披萨，是由你能闻到数百种不同化学物质组成，比如牛至百里香酚，奶酪，和外皮乙酰吡嗪。

So with a lesion, which just means some kind of abnormality, the ability of some of these neurons to receive GABA might be impaired.

有了病灶，意味着某种异常，那些经元接受GABA(γ-氨基)能力受损。

When alcohol reaches the brain, it binds to GABA receptors and produces the same effects, relaxing and calming people down.

当酒精到达大脑时，就会和氨基受体结合并产生让人放松镇定效果。

Turns out it suppresses glutamate transmission and enhances GABA transmission, so you get less excitation and more inhibition.

结果证明它可以抑制谷氨传递并增强伽玛氨基传递，因此兴奋波减少，抑制作用增强。

The substantia nigra actually can be split into two sub-regions.

黑质可以被分为两个亚区：First， there’s the pars reticulata， which receives signals from another part of the basal ganglia called the striatum 纹状体， which is a term for the caudate and putamen put together， and relays messages to the thalamus via neurons rich in the neurotransmitter GABA， also known as gamma-aminobutyric acid. 首先是网状部，可以接受基底节另一部分纹状体发来信号；纹状体由尾状核和壳核组成，可以通过富含经递质GABA经元传递信号到丘脑，其中GABA即γ－氨基。

If there's less GABA, the neurons overreact, leading to the spasms.

如果γ-氨基减少，则经元反应过度，致痉挛。

Beta hydroxybutyric acid on the other hand, even though it's still one of the ketone bodies, isn't technically a ketoacid since its ketone group has been reduced to a hydroxyl group.

而β-羟基虽说也是酮体，但却不是酮，因为它酮基团被还原成了羟基。

Glutamate begins a wave of excitation while GABA not only inhibits this flow, but helps to organize and differentiate the results in your brain.

谷氨挑起兴奋波，而伽玛氨基不仅抑制这种波动，而且有助于组织和区分大脑中结果。

This new type of tomato contains five to six times the normal level of a type of amino acid called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA.

这种新型西红柿所含伽马氨基水平是普通西红柿五到六倍。

Alcohol turns up the brain's primary brake, the neurotransmitter GABA, and turns down its primary gas, the neurotransmitter glutamate.

酒精会给大脑踩刹车，即提升氨基水平，使大脑更镇静；同时给大脑松油门，即降低谷氨水平，减弱兴奋度。

Gamma-aminobutyric acid, aka GABA, is a neurotransmitter that blocks certain signals in the brain, thus producing a calming effect.

GABA 全称是伽玛氨基，它是一种能够拦截大脑特定信号从而产生镇定效果经传递素。

The small orange-colored " fruit" is, in fact, ginkgo seeds, which have several layers. The fresh outer layer has butyric acid, the main source of the smell.

银杏果有好几层外皮，新鲜外果皮含有——也是它臭味主要来源。

In conjunction the increased GABA hushes the excessive background noise of activity fine tuning and clarifying your thoughts, but to an excessive degree.

与此同时，增加伽玛氨基使过多背景活动噪音安静下来，恰当地调整和缕清你思绪。但是，这一行为抑制过度。