But of the three brainstem parts, it's your midbrain that carries out the higher-level functions.

但是在脑干的三个部分中，是你的中脑执行更的功能。

I've never been that deep in the midbrain before.

我从未操作过这么深入中脑的测试。

For one thing, in this study, there was only about a twofold difference in relative brain size between the species with the largest brain — the song sparrow — and the one with the smallest — the Swainson's Thrush.

一方面，此研究中脑容量最大的北美歌雀和脑容量最小的斯氏夜鸫，二者的相对脑容量只有两倍差。

Symptoms of Schizophrenia appear when one of the neural circuit situated in the midbrain, called Substantia nigra, overproduce neurotransmitter called Dopamine and disrupts the balance between secretion of Dopamine and Acetylcholine.

当位于中脑的质神经回路产生过量多巴胺，并破坏多巴胺和乙酰胆碱分泌之间的平衡时，就会出现精神分裂的状。

For example, increased dopamine in the mesolimbic system, a reward pathway composed of the ventral tegmentum and the nucleus accumbens causes pleasure, improved attention and mental processing, and working memory.

例如，人体的一个由腹侧被盖区和伏隔核组成的奖赏通路中脑边缘系统里多巴胺的增多，可以引起欣快感、注意力提、思维变敏捷、记忆力增强等效应。

Alcohol also stimulates a small group of neurons that extends from the midbrain to the nucleus accumbens, a region important for motivation.

酒精也会对一小部分神经细胞有激活效果，并从中脑持续到伏隔核区域，而伏隔核在奖赏和快乐等感官体验中具有重要作用。

In contrast, neurons in a section of the midbrain called the substantia nigra are in charge of initiating movement and other motor function.

相形之下，中脑有一个区域质，质神经元负责运动的设计启动以及其他运动功能。

Now, the first night of less sleep may actually trigger the mesolimbic system, releasing dopamine and giving you a sense of adrenaline.

现在，第一个睡眠不足的晚上可能会触发中脑边缘系统，释放多巴胺，让你感觉肾上腺素上升。

And this seemed to correspond to heightened activity in areas of the midbrain that release the neurotransmitter dopamine.

这似乎与中脑释放神经递质多巴胺区域的活动增强相对应。

That binding is thought responsible for the brain swelling and bleeding seen in the general-population trials.

这种结合被认为是导致一般人群试验中脑肿胀和脑出血的原因。

Brain stem includes mid brain, pons and medulla oblongata.

脑干包括中脑、脑桥和延髓。

Something is happening to the signals in his midbrain.

他中脑的讯号出了些情况。

We usually refer to the substantia nigra as if it's in a single location, but there are actually two of these regions in the brain, one on each side of the midbrain.

“质”听起来像是指某个具体的位置，但实际上是指大脑中的两个区域，分位于中脑两侧。

We call these chambers the prosencephalon, the mesencephalon, and the rhombencephalon -- or forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

我们称这些脑室为前脑、中脑和菱形脑室或者前脑、中脑和后脑。

And in between, the mesencephalon, thanks to evolution, remains undivided.

在这两者之间，由于进化，中脑仍然是不可分割的。

Once your brain receives sensory information, it sends a motor signal down the upper motor neurons through the corticospinal tract in the midbrain, and cross to the opposite side at the medulla before continuing down the spinal cord.

当大脑接收到感觉信息时，它通过中脑的皮质脊髓束向上运动神经元发送运动信号，先交叉至对侧延髓，然后继续下行。

The midbrain also passes that data to regions like the cerebral cortex, which do the actual conscious thinking about the stimuli, like " What is that thing whizzing across the sky? " or " WHAT JUST EXPLODED BEHIND ME? ! "

中脑也会将数据传递给大脑皮层等区域，这些区域对刺激进行真正有意识的思考，比如“空中一闪而过的是什么东西？”或者“我身后刚刚有什么东西爆炸了？！”

The least dramatic changes occur in the three most caudal or lower sections: the mesencephalon, the metencephalon, and the myelencephalon.

最不明显的变化发生在最尾侧或下部的三个部分：中脑、后脑和髓脑。

The higher the blood pressure is, the more frequently they send action potentials to the midbrain informing it just how much pressure the artery is feeling.

血压越，它们就越频繁地向中脑发送动作电位，告诉中脑动脉感受到了多大的压力。

The brainstem actually has three main components — and I know this is getting to be a lot of vocabulary here — you have the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata.

脑干实际上由三个主要部分组成——我知道这已经有很多词汇了——你有中脑，脑桥和延髓。