Hacking into these routers and switches is being used to support espionage and steal commercial secrets, they say.

两国官方称，俄罗斯入侵这些路由器和机是为了支持谍行动以及窃取商业机密。

If I'm honest, they just look like any other switch to me.

老实说，它们对我来说就像其机一样。

So basically, Zeal, one of the community manufacturers, was creating this switch called the Zealio.

基本上，Zeal（社区制造商一）正在创建这款名为 Zealio 机。

So, for example, " How many monkeys are actually touching the bed? " activates the decision switchboard.

因此，例如，“有多少只猴子实际上正在触摸床？”激活决策机。

Back then, it was a scrappy upstart, selling telephone switches produced by another company in Hong Kong.

当时， 它是一个斗志昂扬新贵， 销售香港另一家公司生电话机。

The company moved quickly from reselling telephone switches made mostly in Hong Kong, to designing manufacturing its own equipment.

该公司迅速从转售主要在香港制造电话机转向设计制造自己设备。

So for example, on a switch, if you rip off the eMMC of the board, it can't load stuff.

因此，例如，在机上，如果你撕掉板上 eMMC，它就无法加载东西。

Full-fibre is where the entire connection between the telephone exchange and the home or business comes through a fibre-optic line.

全光纤是指电话机与家庭或企业整个连接都通过光纤线路。

To reduce the likelihood of collisions, we can break this network into two collision domains by using a Network Switch.

为了减少冲突可能性，我们可以使用网络机将这个网络分成两个冲突域。

It proceeds effectively one city at a time, especially in mid-sized and smaller cities, which only have one telephone exchange.

它一次有效地在一个城市进行，特别是在只有一个电话机中小城市。

So basically, Zeal would tell a bunch of marketplaces that they were allowed to resell the switch that they were producing.

所以基本上，Zeal 会告诉一些市场，们被允许转售们正在生机。

Over the past two episodes, we've delved into the wires, signals, switches, packets, routers and protocols that make up the internet.

在过去两集中，我们深入研究了构成互联网电线、信号、机、数据包、路由器和协议。

So if A wants to transmit to C, the switch doesn’t forward the data to the other network – there’s no need.

因此，如果 A 想要传输到 C，机不会将数据转发到另一个网络——没有必要。

They released it shortly after, and they also ported Linux, so you can look at their repositories, you can run Linux on a switch.

们很快就发布了，们还移植了 Linux，所以你可以看看们存储库，你可以在机上运行 Linux。

These phone switching machines require intense security and they have to run no matter what—after all, if the machines stop working, the phones stop working.

这些电话机需要严格安全保护， 无论如何它们都必须运行——毕竟，如果机器停止工作， 电话也会停止工作。

Programming was done by plugging hundreds of wires into plugboards, sort of like old school telephone switchboards, in order to set up the computer to perform the right operations.

编程方法是把几百根电线插到插板里，有点像老电话机，这样计算机才会执行正确操作。

In many cases, only the line from the exchange to the on-street cabinet is fibre, with copper still handling the last leg of the journey, limiting speeds.

在许多情况下，只有从机到路柜线路是光纤，铜仍然处理旅程最后一段，限制了速度。

Another is Charles E. Scribner, who, by his invention of that intricate device, the multiple switchboard, has converted the telephone exchange into a smoothly working, orderly place.

另一个是查尔斯·E·斯克里布纳 (Charles E. Scribner)， 发明了复杂设备， 多路总机，将电话机变成了一个工作顺畅、井然有序地方。

Having begun life in 1987 selling phone switches from a flat in the southern city of Shenzhen, in 2012 the Chinese technology firm overtook Sweden's Ericsson to become the world's biggest maker of telecoms gear.

这家中国科技公司于 1987 年开始在南方城市深圳一个公寓销售电话机，2012 年超越瑞典爱立信成为全球最大电信设备制造商。