Even after the US finally abolished slavery, and eventually gave Black Americans the right to vote, White Southern leaders found ways to keep them from voting, like with discriminating laws like poll taxes, and acts of violence.

即使在最终废除奴隶制之后，最终给了黑人选举权，南方的白人领袖还是用比如像人头税这样的歧视性法律，还有暴力行为，去阻止们投票。

You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.

你不必为投票付费（人头税）。

Ed Miliband, Labour's leader, dubbed the reforms Mr Cameron's poll tax, a reference to the policy that helped fell Margaret Thatcher.

工党领袖埃德·米利班德把这些改革戏称为卡梅伦的人头税，一个曾经让撒切尔夫人下台的参考政策。

Many legal fees are like modern day poll taxes.

许多法律费用就像代的 poll tax（人头税）。

Voting age, presidential succession, poll taxes or congressional pay?

投票龄、总统继任、人头税还是会议员工资？

We survived poll taxes and literacy tests.

我们挺过了人头税和识字测试。

But the key thing in 1381 is the introduction of the poll tax.

但1381关键的是征收人头税。

You know, you don't have to take a poll tax or pay a poll tax.

你知道，你不需要支付人头税或投票税。

They, in return, usually paid to their protector a sort of annual poll-tax.

作为回报，们通常每们的保护者支付一种人头税。

However, things did improve for the poor as  the rebellion had frightened the rich, and they realized they could not push commoners too far.  No government collected a poll tax until 1990.

然而，由于叛乱吓坏了富人， 穷人的情况确实有所改善，们意识到们不能把平民逼得太远。 直到 1990 ， 政府才征收人头税。

And not just - it didn't just get rid of those literacy tests and poll taxes, but federal officials were sent to the South to register Black voters for the first time.

不仅如此，它不仅取消了识字测试和人头税，而且还首次派联邦官员前往南方登记黑人选民。

Capitation taxes, so far as they are levied upon the lower ranks of people, are direct taxes upon the wages of labour, and are attended with all the inconveniencies of such taxes.

就对下层人民征收的人头税而言，它是对劳动工资的直接征税，并伴随着这种税收的所有不便之处。

At the time, discriminatory literacy tests, poll taxes, and a flat-out refusal to register black people to vote meant that many black people could not.

当时，歧视性的识字测试、人头税以及直接拒绝给黑人注册投票权，导致许多黑人无法投票。

The poll tax was a creature of the government.

【creature】人头税是政府的发明。

It outlawed all kinds of barriers to voting, like literacy tests and poll taxes.

它禁止了所有投票障碍，如识字测试和人头税。

He paid the $1.50 poll tax.

支付了1.50元的人头税。

The problem was that litigation before the federal courts was very slow, and that every time you struck down a poll tax or literacy test in a place like Alabama, they just passed a new one.

问题在于，联邦法院的诉讼速度非常慢，而且每次在阿拉巴马州这样的地方废除人头税或识字测试时，们都会通过一项新的测试。

Capitation taxes, if they are proportioned, not to the supposed fortune, but to the rank of each contributor, become altogether unequal; the degrees of fortune being frequently unequal in the same degree of rank.

人头税，如果不是按照假定的财​​富，而是按照每个纳税人的等级，就会变得完全不平等；同一等级的财富等级往往不相等。

The only way we're ever going to have equal rights in America is if we get rid of the modern day literacy tests and poll taxes that dominate our courts and legal system.

我们在实平等权利的唯一途径就是消除那些主宰我们法院和法律体系的代版识字测试和人头税。

And a poll tax is a flat rate tax and therefore very, very unfair on working people who are paying exactly the same as the gentry and the noblemen ahead of them.

而人头税是一种固定税率的税收，因此对工人阶级极为不公平，因为们缴纳的税额与贵族和绅士阶层完全相同。