Do we need a chemical stimulant we call an adjuvant?

我们需要一我们称之为的化学兴奋吗？

Those are called adjuvants, from the Latin " adjuvare, " to help or aid.

这些被称为，来自拉丁语“adjuvare”，用于帮助或帮助。

Adjuvants are molecules we might add to a vaccine to get a stronger response.

我们可以添加到疫苗中以获得更强反应的分子。

Raman's adjuvant was tapioca, Glennie's was alum, an aluminium salt, the most widely used adjuvant today.

拉曼的木薯， 格伦尼的则明矾，一铝盐， 这也当今最广泛使用的。

So it has implications for everything from cancer, to vaccination, to adjuvants, and to protecting us against infections.

因此，它对癌症、疫苗接、以及保护我们免受感染等方方面面都有影响。

And we might add an adjuvant, as we talked about, to boost an immune response.

正如我们所说，我们可能会添加一来增强免疫反应。

Interestingly, these adjuvants have different effects depending on the age or other demographic factors of the individual.

有趣的，这些会根据个人的年龄或其他人口统计因素产生不同的效果。

There are many different antigens to choose from and many different adjuvants.

有许多不同的抗原可供选择，也有许多不同的。

The combined diphtheria vaccine, toxoid with adjuvant, was so effective that within five years it was being used across the world.

结合白喉类毒素与的联合疫苗效果显著，以至于五年内便在全球范围内得到应用。

Instead of mixing adjuvants into the spray tank, these are put into a second container and injected into the nozzle as the droplets are formed.

不将混合到喷雾罐中，而将其放入第二个容器中，并在形成液滴时注入这喷嘴中。

The agricultural industry has already made some progress in reducing overspray. A variety of different additives, called adjuvants, can be mixed into the chemical tank of a sprayer.

农业行业在减少过度喷洒方面已经取得了一些进展。各不同的添加（）可以混合到喷雾器的化学罐中。

Adjuvants Ramon and Glenny also discovered that certain substances called adjuvants enhanced the potency of vaccines, although it was unclear why this was the case.

拉蒙和格伦尼还发现， 某些被称为的物质能够增强疫苗的效力，尽管当时尚不清楚其原因。

So we're trying to make vaccines where we add adjuvants that actually make the vaccine create better immunity than the disease, so that we can confer immunity for many years.

因此，我们正致力于研发疫苗，通过添加来增强疫苗效果，使其产生的免疫力优于疾病本身，从而赋予多年免疫保护。

These adjuvants do not contain any active spray ingredients but consist of other chemicals, such as surfactants, emulsifiers and oils, which can improve the ability of a spray to remain on and penetrate leaves.

这些不含任何活性喷雾成分，但由其他化学物质组成，例如表面活性、乳化和油，可以提高喷雾保留在叶子上和渗透叶子的能力。

Vaccines that include the use of adjuvants, or components that enhance the immune response to the antigen, must be given in a muscle to avoid widespread irritation and inflammation. Adjuvants act in a variety of ways to stimulate a stronger immune response.

包括使用或增强对抗原的免疫反应的成分的疫苗必须在肌肉中给予以避免广泛的刺激和炎症。以多方式发挥作用，以刺激更强的免疫反应。