This tries to record not only light intensities, but the direction of incoming light as well.

它不仅记录光强度，而且也记录光方向。

A spectrum is the result when you divide the incoming light from an object into individual colors, or wavelengths.

光谱是当你把从一个物体光分成单独颜色或波长时产生结果。

It's the angle of the sun's rays that makes winter cold and summer hot, not our distance from the sun.

阳光角度在真正决定了冬天和夏天冷热差别，而非距太阳远近。

The ice crystals reflect incoming light from the sun back into space, which has a cooling effect on the atmosphere.

冰晶将太阳光反回太空，这对大气产生冷却效应。

For a camera it's a diaphragm that governs the amount of incoming light.

对于相机来说，它是控制光量光圈。

It absorbs about 99.4% of  all the light that hits it.

它能吸收99.4%光。

In either case, the structures act like a maze for incoming photons.

在任何一种情况下，这些结构都像光子迷宫。

This is our angle of incidence, so it is big.

这是我们角，所以它很大。

Snell's Law also holds for the next layer, and there the ingoing angle is simply theta 2.

斯涅尔定律也适用于下一层，那里角只是 theta 2。

Here’s how it works: The objective lens takes incoming light rays from a distant source.

工作原理如下：物镜摄取来自远处光源光线。

Look at this graph, you can see that the number of photoelectrons emitted increases as the intensity of the incident light increases.

看这张图，你可以看到，随着光强度增加，发光电子数量也在增加。

Keratomileusis corrects what are called refractive errors: imperfections in the way the eye focuses incoming light.

角膜磨镶术可以纠正所谓屈光不正：眼睛聚焦光方式存在缺陷。

This term accounts for the fact that energy from the incoming light wave is absorbed by the material.

这一项解释了光波能量被材料吸收事实。

Eventually, she and her colleagues worked out that the dragonfish reflects just one in every 2,000 photons incident upon it-an absorbance of 99.95%.

最终，她和她同事发现深海龙鱼仅反到其表面1/2000光—吸光度为99.95%。

And then we are going to measure the amount of light that is coming.

然后我们要测量光量。

When some are aimed at you, they appear black because they're absorbing most wavelengths of incoming light — but there's no actual opening.

当它们瞄准你时候，它们看起来是黑色，因为它们吸收了光大部分波长——但没有实际开口。

The answer, then, comes down to how many times the value of angle fits into 180-degrees, which is pi radians.

那么答案就取决于角值能放进180度（即π弧度）多少次。

Here, incoming solar radiation strips electrons from atoms and molecules, creating a layer of electrons that interfere with radio waves.

在这里，太阳辐会将电子从原子和分子中剥离，从而形成一层干扰无线电波电子层。

But watch what happens if we come in at an angle like this.

但请看，如果我们以这样角度，会发生什么。

And whether that interference is constructive or destructive depends on the thickness of the oil and the light's angle of incidence.

而这种干扰是建设性还是破坏性，取决于油厚度和光角。