For example, take molecules, atoms held together by covalent bonds.

例如分子原子有着共价的联系。

It's the ultimate covalently bonded structure, just a couple of carbon atoms.

它是最完美的共价，本质上就是碳原子的组合。

Normally, different molecules are connected by covalent chemical bonds between their atoms.

通常情况下，不同的分子通原子间的共价化学相连接。

The other category is complexed calcium, which is where the positively charged calcium is ionically linked to tiny negatively charged molecules like oxalate, which is a small anion that are normally found in our blood in small amounts.

另一小组是合钙，带正的钙离子共价合至微小的带负的离子上，例如草酸盐离子；草酸盐是体积较小的阴离子，通常少量存在于血液。

Intramolecular is going to be the covalent bond between the chlorine and the hydrogen.

分子内将是氯和氢之间的共价。

That's because of the strength of their covalent bonds.

那是因为它们共价的强度。

That structure is made up of covalent bonds holding that molecule together.

该由将分子合在一起的共价成。

Can you blow straight past thatto covalently bonded equivalents of biology, where instead of proteins that fold up and are held together by static cling, you've got things that go down much sharper potential energy gradientsand are bonded together?

你能直接跳到与生物学共价合等效的概念吗？在那里， 不是蛋白质通相互吸引而折叠和合在一起，而是有东西沿着更陡的势能梯度下降， 并且是通化学合在一起的。

Columns of transition metals Compounds are created either by unpaired electrons from different atoms forming joint orbitals called covalent bonds or by the complete transfer of unpaired electrons between atoms to create paired orbitals in the recipients.

渡金属的列化合物是通不同原子的未配对子形成称为共价的共同轨道，或者通原子之间完全转移未配对子，在接收方形成配对轨道而产生的。

Normally, different molecules are connected by covalent chemical bonds between their atoms. But Sauvage and his team used copper ions to coax molecules into interlocking like links in a chain, which they call a catenane.

通常，不同的分子通它们原子之间的共价化学连接在一起。但索瓦日和他的团队使用铜离子促使分子像链条的环节一样相互扣合，他们称之为环烷。

Really though, hydrogen bonds aren't chemical bonds in the same sense that ionic and covalent bonds are, but they are the strongest interactions that occur between molecules.

真的， 氢并不是像离子和共价那样的化学，但它们是分子之间最强的相互作用。

To turn nasal spray into meth, you’d need to first break its very strong covalent bonds, and that requires dangerous reagents and expensive, high-pressure lab equipment.

要将喷鼻剂变成冰毒， 您需要首先打破其非常牢固的共价，而这需要危险的试剂和昂贵的高压实验室设备。

So somewhere in between there must be the difference between non-polar covalent bond and a polar covalent bond.

所以在两者之间，必定存在非极性共价和极性共价的区别。

This is within the context of a covalent bond, how much electron affinity is there?

这是在共价的背景下，子亲和能有多大？

They're weaker than the forces that cause ionic or covalent bonds between atoms.

它们比导致原子之间形成离子或共价的力量要弱。

This is crazy unstable. It's basically like having half of covalent bond dangling off the atom.

这是疯狂的不稳定。 这基本上就像有一半的共价悬在原子上。

So when we look at a molecule like DNA what we're really seeing are the covalent bonds between all of those atoms that give us this structure.

因此，当我们观察 DNA 这样的分子时，我们实际上看到的是赋予我们这种的所有原子之间的共价。

And so if you think about the electrons and the covalent bonds between carbon and oxygen that are shared, they're shared unequally.

所以如果你考虑到碳和氧之间的子以及它们共享的共价，这些子是不均匀共享的。

This is a polar covalent bond between the carbon and the oxygen.

这是碳和氧之间的极性共价。

And if so what type of covalent bond is it.

如果是这样, 它是什么类型的共价。