For example, take molecules, atoms held together by covalent bonds.

例如分子原子有着共价联系。

It's the ultimate covalently bonded structure, just a couple of carbon atoms.

它是最完美共价键结构，本质上就是碳原子组。

Normally, different molecules are connected by covalent chemical bonds between their atoms.

通常情况下，不同分子通过原子间共价化学键相连接。

The other category is complexed calcium, which is where the positively charged calcium is ionically linked to tiny negatively charged molecules like oxalate, which is a small anion that are normally found in our blood in small amounts.

另一小组是结钙，带正电钙离子共价结至微小带负电离子上，例如草酸盐离子；草酸盐是体积较小阴离子，通常少量存在于血液。

Intramolecular is going to be the covalent bond between the chlorine and the hydrogen.

分子内将是氯和氢之间共价键。

That's because of the strength of their covalent bonds.

那是因为它们共价键强度。

That structure is made up of covalent bonds holding that molecule together.

该结构由将分子结在一起共价键构成。

Can you blow straight past thatto covalently bonded equivalents of biology, where instead of proteins that fold up and are held together by static cling, you've got things that go down much sharper potential energy gradientsand are bonded together?

你能直接跳到与生物学共价键等效吗？在那里， 不是蛋白质通过静电相互吸引而折叠和结在一起，而是有东西沿着更陡势能梯度下降， 并且是通过化学键结在一起。

Columns of transition metals Compounds are created either by unpaired electrons from different atoms forming joint orbitals called covalent bonds or by the complete transfer of unpaired electrons between atoms to create paired orbitals in the recipients.

过渡金属列化物是通过不同原子未配对电子形成称为共价键共同轨道，或者通过原子之间完全转移未配对电子，在接收方形成配对轨道而产生。

Normally, different molecules are connected by covalent chemical bonds between their atoms. But Sauvage and his team used copper ions to coax molecules into interlocking like links in a chain, which they call a catenane.

通常，不同分子通过它们原子之间共价化学键连接在一起。但索瓦日和他团队使用铜离子促使分子像链条环节一样相互扣，他们称之为环烷。

Really though, hydrogen bonds aren't chemical bonds in the same sense that ionic and covalent bonds are, but they are the strongest interactions that occur between molecules.

真， 氢键并不是像离子键和共价键那样化学键，但它们是分子之间最强相互作用。

To turn nasal spray into meth, you’d need to first break its very strong covalent bonds, and that requires dangerous reagents and expensive, high-pressure lab equipment.

要将喷鼻剂变成冰毒， 您需要首先打破其非常牢固共价键，而这需要危险试剂和昂贵高压实验室设备。

So somewhere in between there must be the difference between non-polar covalent bond and a polar covalent bond.

所以在两者之间，必定存在非极性共价键和极性共价键区别。

This is within the context of a covalent bond, how much electron affinity is there?

这是在共价键背景下，电子亲和能有多大？

They're weaker than the forces that cause ionic or covalent bonds between atoms.

它们比导致原子之间形成离子键或共价键力量要弱。

This is crazy unstable. It's basically like having half of covalent bond dangling off the atom.

这是疯狂不稳定。 这基本上就像有一半共价键悬在原子上。

So when we look at a molecule like DNA what we're really seeing are the covalent bonds between all of those atoms that give us this structure.

因此，当我们观察 DNA 这样分子时，我们实际上看到是赋予我们这种结构所有原子之间共价键。

And so if you think about the electrons and the covalent bonds between carbon and oxygen that are shared, they're shared unequally.

所以如果你考虑到碳和氧之间电子以及它们共享共价键，这些电子是不均匀共享。

This is a polar covalent bond between the carbon and the oxygen.

这是碳和氧之间极性共价键。

And if so what type of covalent bond is it.

如果是这样, 它是什么类型共价键。