As of the end of 2020, there were over 542 million people in China participating in the basic old-age insurance plan, most of whom were rural residents.
In countries where it is usual for government to raise money by granting annuities, tontines are, upon this account, generally preferred to annuities for separate lives.
The multi-tiered social security system will be improved, with coverage of basic old-age insurance reaching 95 percent of the population. Social assistance and charity systems will also be improved.
China rolled out a private pension plan on Thursday to complement the nation's current pension system in its latest effort to tackle the strains of an aging population.
The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security says the country's basic old-age insurance covered over one billion people as of the end of 2022,24.3 million more than a year earlier.
Annuities for lives have occasionally been granted in two different ways; either upon separate lives, or upon lots of lives, which, in French, are called tontines, from the name of their inventor.