Glaciers can erode landscapes swifter than rain and rivers.

冰河侵蚀地形的速度， 远快於雨水和河流。

On December the 1st 1990, construction workers from Britain and France drilled through the last section of rock separating the two halves of the service tunnel,  linking Britain to mainland Europe for the first time since the last ice age.

1990年12月1日，英、法两国的建筑工人钻穿了最后一阻隔隧道的，英国与欧洲大陆实现了自上一个冰河时代以来的首次连接。

The Yam period coincided with the end of the last ice age.

“甘薯”时期正好赶上最后一个冰河世纪的末期。

They readily admit, however, that little is understood yet as to the reasons why ice age artists created their interesting and detailed paintings.

但是，们欣然承认，对于冰河时代的艺术家们创造出这么有趣又详尽的画作的原因，们目前几乎有任何思路。

Ice Age 2 would be the sequel to Ice Age.

《冰河世纪 2》将是《冰河世纪》的续集。

Feel the bitter chill of global ice ages.

感受全球性冰河时期的酷寒。

We know that happened at the end of the last ice age.

我们知道这曾发在最后一个冰河时代的末期。

Picky glaciologists might argue that what Mr Norphel is creating are not, strictly speaking, glaciers.

吹毛求疵的冰河学家们也许会认为诺菲尔先有造出严格意义上的冰川。

Russian scientist Sergey Zimov is recreating an eco-system from the ice age.

俄罗斯科学家斯格里·希莫夫正在重新创造冰河时期的态系统。

But what if you apply this to glaciers and floating sea ice?

但是如果这发在冰河以及海洋浮冰的时候呢？

There have been at least four major ice ages.

至少有四个主要的冰河时代。

And some of them outlived the Ice Age extinction.

其中一些物种在冰河时期的灭绝中幸存下来。

The one central defect of Agassiz's theory was that his ice ages had no cause.

阿加西斯的理论有一个致命的弱点，就是不能解释导致冰河时代出现的原因。

Researchers think that ground sloths could have been pushed out by an oncoming ice age, or competition with other species, maybe humans, who arrived in the region around the time most of the sloths went extinct.

研究者认为，大懒兽的灭绝可能是由于即将到来的冰河时代，或是由于与其它物种间的竞争，也可能是由于人类，因为在同一时期， 人类来到了这里。

But also I think those Ice Age conditions were critical as well.

但我认为当时冰河时代的客观条件也是极为关键的。

These changes help us understand details about the development of Ice Ages.

这些改变帮助我们了解冰河时代的发展详细情况。

Holocene started about 11,700 years ago at the end of an ice age.

全新世开始于大约11700年前冰河时代的末期。

Most likely got stuck here during the ice age.

很有可能是在冰河时代的时候被困在了这里。

Now, some people were also afraid it could tilt the earth on its axis in a dangerous way or cool down Europe to the point there would be a new Ice Age.

现在，有些人还担心它可能会以危险的方式导致地球自转轴倾斜，或者欧洲温度下降，从而引发新的冰河时期。

But today, we're warming the planet at an unprecedented rate — about 10 times faster than the average warming following historic ice ages, giving animals little time to adapt.

但今天，我们正以前所未有的速度地球变暖——大约比历史上冰河时代之后的平均变暖速度快10倍，动物几乎有时间适应。