Prevention of complications can be done with beta-blockers and treatment options include diuretics for ascites, and octreotide, balloon tamponade, sclerotherapy, and a variceal ligation for bleeding esophageal varices.

β受体阻滞可以预防并发症，治疗方法包括利治疗腹水，奥曲肽，气囊填塞，硬化疗法，以及食管静脉曲张破裂时行静脉曲张套扎术。

He admitted that doping helped him for each of his seven Tour de France wins, by using EPO, human growth hormone, and diuretics. He also admitted to falsifying documents saying he passed drug tests, according to media reports.

据媒体报道，他承认在每次环法自行车赛胜利中都使用了促红细胞生成素（EPO）、人类生长激素和利。他还承认伪造文件称自己通过了药检。

Interestingly, a thiazide diuretic like Hydrochlorothiazide can be used to treat osteoporosis as well.

有趣的是，如氢氯噻嗪等噻嗪类利也可被用于治疗骨质疏松。

Therefore, medications like ACE inhibitors and diuretics may be prescribed.

因此，可施用如ACE抑制和利等处方药。

Very low doses of diuretics, to keep their weight down.

量的利 帮助轻体重。

They range from obscure chemicals with names like IGF-1 LR3 and AOD-9604 to insulin (to boost muscle size), amphetamines (for their stimulating effects) and even diuretics (used to mask the presence of other drugs).

它种类繁多，从名称模糊的化学物质，如IGF-1 LR3和AOD-9604，到胰岛素(增加肌肉体积)，安非他命(具备刺激作用)，甚至利(用于掩盖其他药物的存在)。

Caffeine does not have a role in replenishing electrolytes, and in fact is a diuretic that leads to more fluid being lost, so in general, I would advise to stay away from sports drinks that have caffeine.

咖啡因在补充电解质方面没有作用，事实上它是一种利，会导致更多的水分流失，所以总的来说，我建议远离含有咖啡因的运动饮料。

Small transudative pleural effusions resulting from heart failure may be treated with diuretics and sodium restriction, whereas larger pleural effusions due to an oncologic process might require draining with a tube.

对于心力衰竭形成的少量漏出液，可给利及限制钠盐摄入，而对于由肿瘤侵犯胸膜导致的大量胸腔积液，则可能需要插管引流。

This is thought to be a type I or type IV hypersensitivity reaction, and is typically a response to a medication like NSAIDs, penicillin, and diuretics.

这被认为是I型或IV型超敏反应，通常来说，是对非甾体类抗炎药、青霉素和利等药物的反应。

Treatment of hyperaldosteronism is usually with potassium-sparing diuretics, especially spironolactone, which competitively binds to aldosterone receptors on the principal and alpha-intercalated cells.

醛固酮增多症的治疗通常使用保钾利，尤其是螺内酯：其可竞争性结合主细胞及α-闰细胞上的醛固酮受体。

Wonderful. -And, uh, that mister--you're supposed to watch Mr. Roberts in 2119 take and swallow his diuretics.

好 -还有，呃，你应该看看那位住2119号房的 Roberts 先生，吞下利的那个。

For ascites, diuretic and sodium restriction are indicated to reduce the fluid overload.

对于腹水，建议使用利、限制钠的摄入以少体液超负荷。

We gave him 40 of furosemide. Rhythm didn't change after 6 of adenosine.

我给他注射40个单位利。在注射了6个单位腺瞟呤核甘后心律不变。

Along the same lines, drugs that reduce the effect of aldosterone can also cause hyperkalemia, and these are drugs like renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, selective aldosterone blockers, and potassium-sparing diuretics.

同理，可以降低醛固酮效能的药物也可以导致高钾血症，例如肾素抑制、ACE抑制、血管紧张素II受体拮抗、选择性醛固酮受体阻滞以及保钾利等。

Finally, there are some medications like thiazide diuretics and aspirin which can also increase the levels of uric acid and therefore the risk of gout.

最后，一些药物，如噻嗪类利、阿司匹林，也会提高酸水平，从而诱发痛风。

Now, you can also try to increase excretion of phosphate, and in people with healthy kidneys, a combination of intravenous saline and a loop diuretic like furosemide can increase excretion.

你也可以尝试增加磷酸盐的排泄，对于肾脏健康的人，静脉盐水和速这类利联合使用可以增加排泄。

Commonly used diuretics, like loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics, also increase potassium excretion and can lead to hypokalemia.

通常使用的利，比如袢利和噻嗪类利，也会增加钾的排泄，导致低钾血症。

In addition, these diuretics also allow more water to remain in the lumen, creating a relatively low potassium concentration in the lumen.

此外，这些利也允许更多的水保留在管腔内，造成管腔内相对低的钾浓度。

This is done by reducing ongoing potassium losses by treating underlying causes like vomiting and diarrhea and using potassium-sparing diuretics if diuretic therapy is required, as well as replenishing potassium stores with supplementation.

这可以通过治疗如呕吐和腹泻等潜在病因以少进行性钾的丢失来完成，如果需要利的话，使用保钾利，还有补充钾的储备。

These diuretics inhibit sodium reabsorption upstream of the principal cells, which meanis more sodium is delivered downstream to the principal cells.

这些利阻止主细胞上游钠的重吸收，意味着更多钠被运输到主细胞下游。