But, by injecting a small molecule that blocked P. gingivalis's ability to get energy, the team was able to reduce both the number of bacteria and the associated inflammation.

但是，通过注射一种阻止牙龈卟啉菌获取能量小分子，研究小组能减少细菌数量和相关炎症。

So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

口腔细菌还可能会增加食管癌风险，尤其是牙龈卟啉单胞菌，其已在癌组织中被检测到。

To diagnose acute intermittent porphyria, a urinalysis is conducted which typically shows an elevation of porphobilinogen at least five times greater than normal levels.

为诊断急性间歇性卟啉病，尿检通常显示卟胆原水平上升，至少比正常值升五倍。

P. gingivalis is also associated with the high risk of pancreatic cancer along with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and they can be used as an effective biosensor for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

牙龈卟啉单胞菌以及放线共生放线杆菌均与腺癌有关，它们可作为腺癌早期诊断有生物传感器。

Historically-speaking, scientists have had a hard time finding causes and treatments for it, and this P. gingivalis thing is just one hypothesis among many.

科学家们一直很难找到病因和治疗方法，牙龈卟啉菌只是众多假说中一种。

Now individuals with acute intermittent porphyria have a mutation of the HMBS gene which codes for the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase.

急性间歇性卟啉病患者存在HMBS基因突变；该基因编码卟胆原脱氨酶。

The major genera with the largest representation in the oral cavities include: streptococcus, prevotella, haemophilus, rothia, veillonella, neisseria, fusobacterium, and porphyromonas.

口腔中微生物主要包括以下几个大属：链球菌属、普氏菌属、嗜血杆菌属、罗氏菌属、韦荣氏球菌属、奈瑟氏菌属、梭杆菌属与卟啉单胞菌属。

They've been studying this relationship and even trying to figure out if P. gingivalis could be used as a biomarker — in other words, if you could test for it as a sign that someone might be at risk of developing Alzheimer's.

人们研究这种关系，甚至试图弄清是否可以将牙龈卟啉菌用作生物标志物——换句话说，可以对其进行测试，表明某人可能患上老年痴呆症。

Now, heme synthesis is also called porphyrin synthesis and when halted, it result in the buildup of one of its precursors molecules.

血红素合成也被称为卟啉合成，如果停止，这会导致它一个前体分子积累。

Lastly, an iron molecule is added to a protoporphyrin IX via the enzyme ferrochelatase.

最后，铁分子通过亚铁螯合酶添加到原卟啉IX中。

There, P. gingivalis releases toxins called gingipains, and that's when things start to get really messy.

牙龈卟啉菌在大脑释放出称为牙龈蛋白酶毒素，此时情况开始变得糟糕。

And considering how the brain cleans itself of toxins as we sleep, that kind of damage could have a direct effect on how the body could clean out both P. gingivalis and molecules like amyloid beta.

考虑到睡觉时大脑如何清除自身毒素，这种损伤可能直接影响到身体如何清除牙龈卟啉菌和类淀粉β等分子。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that form a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是一个由4个吡咯亚基形成环状大分子，这种结构称之为卟啉。

The idea is that, as periodontitis breaks down cells in the gums, P. gingivalis is able to break into the rest of the body.

其理念是，当牙周炎破坏牙龈细胞时，牙龈卟啉菌能侵入身体其他部位。

Now with sideroblastic anemia, there's defective protoporphyrin synthesis, which results in impaired incorporation of iron to form heme.

在铁粒幼细胞性贫血中，原卟啉合成存在缺陷，导致铁结合形成血红素能力受损。

But some researchers also believe there's another consequence of this condition: that a bacterium associated with it, called Porphyromonas gingivalis, seems to be capable of contributing to Alzheimer's symptoms.

但一些研究人员也认为，这种病症还有另一个后果，与之相关一种叫做牙龈卟啉菌细菌，似乎会引老年痴呆症症状。

All right, as a quick recap, acute intermittent porphyria is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase in the heme synthesis pathway.

好，快速回顾一下：急性间歇性卟啉病是常染色体显性疾病，由血红素合成途径中缺乏卟胆原脱氨酶导致。

So, the porphyria disorders occur when one of the enzymes in the heme synthesis pathway is deficient, which causes a decrease in heme synthesis and a buildup of metabolites formed in the earlier steps of the pathway.

在血红素合成路径中，如果有其中一种酶缺乏导致血红素合成下降及在合成路径早期，大量代谢产物形成，卟啉症就会生。

There's even evidence that suggests P. gingivalis could make it harder for the brain to get rid of this stuff.

甚至有证据表明，牙龈卟啉菌会使大脑更难清除这些物质。

The last important thing to keep in mind is that acute intermittent porphyria can be distinguished from the other many porphyrias by the fact that it doesn't cause any photosensitive cutaneous symptoms, like skin blistering when exposed to sunlight.

还需要牢记是，急性间歇性卟啉病患者一般没有光敏皮肤症状，可区别与许多其他类型卟啉病：那些患者暴露在光照下时，皮肤会起水疱。