So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

腔细菌还可能会增加食管癌的风险，尤其是牙龈卟啉单胞菌，其已在癌组织中被检测到。

Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted to protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟啉原IX在原卟啉原氧化酶催化下成原卟啉IX。

There, P. gingivalis releases toxins called gingipains, and that's when things start to get really messy.

牙龈卟啉菌在大脑释放出称为牙龈蛋白酶的毒素，此时情况开始变得糟糕。

The major genera with the largest representation in the oral cavities include: streptococcus, prevotella, haemophilus, rothia, veillonella, neisseria, fusobacterium, and porphyromonas.

腔中的微物主要包括以下几个大属：链球菌属、普氏菌属、嗜血杆菌属、罗氏菌属、荣氏球菌属、奈瑟氏菌属、梭杆菌属与卟啉单胞菌属。

Now, heme synthesis is also called porphyrin synthesis and when halted, it result in the buildup of one of its precursors molecules.

血红素合成也被称为卟啉合成，如果停止，这会导致它的一个前体分子的积累。

Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted a protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟啉原IX被原卟啉原氧化酶转化为原卟啉IX。

Lastly, an iron molecule is added to a protoporphyrin IX via the enzyme ferrochelatase.

最后，铁分子通过亚铁螯合酶添加到原卟啉IX中。

There's even evidence that suggests P. gingivalis could make it harder for the brain to get rid of this stuff.

甚至有证据表明，牙龈卟啉菌会使大脑更难清除这些物质。

Now individuals with acute intermittent porphyria have a mutation of the HMBS gene which codes for the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase.

歇卟啉病的患者存在HMBS基因的突变；该基因编码卟胆原脱氨酶。

Now with sideroblastic anemia, there's defective protoporphyrin synthesis, which results in impaired incorporation of iron to form heme.

在铁粒幼细胞贫血中，原卟啉合成存在缺陷，导致铁结合形成血红素的能力受损。

Glucose and heme are the treatments for acute intermittent porphyria as they inhibit aminolevulinic acid synthase, the first enzyme involved in heme synthesis.

葡萄糖和血红素用于治疗歇卟啉病，他们能抑制氨基乙酰丙酸的合成，即影响参与血红素合成的第一种酶。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that forms a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是个大分子，由四个吡咯亚基形成环形，这个结构叫作卟啉。

To diagnose acute intermittent porphyria, a urinalysis is conducted which typically shows an elevation of porphobilinogen at least five times greater than normal levels.

为诊断歇卟啉病，尿检通常显示卟胆原水平上升，至少比正常值升高五倍。

That differential in Rosen, by the way, has 50 items on it, including porphyria.

顺便提一下，罗森的鉴别诊断列表中有50项，包括卟啉病。

They create porphyrins, pigments that color blood red and chlorophyl green.

它们产卟啉，这种色素使血变成红色，叶绿变成绿色。

So, the symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria can be remembered with the 4 P's mnemonic: Painful Abdomen, Polyneuropathy, Psychological disturbances, and Port-wine colored urine.

歇卟啉病的症状可以用4个P来记忆：腹痛、多发神经病、精神障碍、葡萄酒色尿。

It’s said the “mad king who lost America” suffered from a genetic blood disorder called porphyria.

据说这位“失去美国的疯王”患有一种叫做卟啉症的遗传血液疾病。

Historically-speaking, scientists have had a hard time finding causes and treatments for it, and this P. gingivalis thing is just one hypothesis among many.

科学家们一直很难找到病因和治疗方法，牙龈卟啉菌只是众多假说中的一种。

The idea is that, as periodontitis breaks down cells in the gums, P. gingivalis is able to break into the rest of the body.

其念是，当牙周炎破坏牙龈细胞时，牙龈卟啉菌能侵入身体的其他部位。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that form a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是一个由4个吡咯亚基形成的环状大分子，这种结构称之为卟啉。