Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted a protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟啉原IX被原卟啉原氧化酶转化为原卟啉IX。

Lastly, an iron molecule is added to a protoporphyrin IX via the enzyme ferrochelatase.

最后，铁分子通过亚铁螯合酶添加到原卟啉IX中。

Protoporphyrinogen IX is converted to protoporphyrin IX by protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

原卟啉原IX原卟啉原氧化酶催化下生成原卟啉IX。

Now with sideroblastic anemia, there's defective protoporphyrin synthesis, which results in impaired incorporation of iron to form heme.

铁粒幼细胞性贫血中，原卟啉合成存缺陷，导致铁结合形成血红素的能力受损。

So oral bacteria might increase the risk of esophageal cancer, especially porphyromonas gingivalis, which has been detected in cancerous tissues.

口腔细还可能会增加食管的风险，尤是牙龈卟啉单胞，中被检测到。

Now individuals with acute intermittent porphyria have a mutation of the HMBS gene which codes for the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase.

急性间歇性卟啉病的患者存HMBS基因的突变；该基因编码卟胆原脱氨酶。

Now, heme synthesis is also called porphyrin synthesis and when halted, it result in the buildup of one of its precursors molecules.

血红素合成也被称为卟啉合成，如果停止，这会导致它的一个前体分子的积累。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that form a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是一个由4个吡咯亚基形成的环状大分子，这种结构称之为卟啉。

It’s said the “mad king who lost America” suffered from a genetic blood disorder called porphyria.

据说这位“失去美国的疯王”患有一种叫做卟啉症的遗传性血液疾病。

The major genera with the largest representation in the oral cavities include: streptococcus, prevotella, haemophilus, rothia, veillonella, neisseria, fusobacterium, and porphyromonas.

口腔中的微生物主要包括以下几个大属：链球属、普氏属、嗜血杆属、罗氏属、韦荣氏球属、奈瑟氏属、梭杆属与卟啉单胞属。

To diagnose acute intermittent porphyria, a urinalysis is conducted which typically shows an elevation of porphobilinogen at least five times greater than normal levels.

为诊断急性间歇性卟啉病，尿检通常显示卟胆原水平上升，至少比正常值升高五倍。

This heme is a large molecule that's made up of four pyrrole subunits that forms a ring, and this structure is called a porphyrin.

血红素是个大分子，由四个吡咯亚基形成环形，这个结构叫作卟啉。

So, the symptoms of acute intermittent porphyria can be remembered with the 4 P's mnemonic: Painful Abdomen, Polyneuropathy, Psychological disturbances, and Port-wine colored urine.

急性间歇性卟啉病的症状可以用4个P来记忆：腹痛、多发性神经病、精神障碍、葡萄酒色尿。

Glucose and heme are the treatments for acute intermittent porphyria as they inhibit aminolevulinic acid synthase, the first enzyme involved in heme synthesis.

葡萄糖和血红素用于治疗急性间歇性卟啉病，他们能抑制氨基乙酰丙酸的合成，即影响参与血红素合成的第一种酶。

P. gingivalis is also associated with the high risk of pancreatic cancer along with aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and they can be used as an effective biosensor for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

牙龈卟啉单胞以及放线共生放线杆均与胰腺的高发有关，它们可作为胰腺早期诊断的有效生物传感器。

All right, as a quick recap, acute intermittent porphyria is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase in the heme synthesis pathway.

好，快速回顾一下：急性间歇性卟啉病是常染色体显性疾病，由血红素合成途径中缺乏卟胆原脱氨酶导致。

In order to better understand acute intermittent porphyria, we need to first take a look at hemoglobin, the main protein within red blood cells that's responsible for carrying oxygen.

为了更好地理解急性间歇性卟啉病，我们首先需要来了解血红蛋白；作为红细胞内的主要蛋白，它负责携带氧气。

So, the porphyria disorders occur when one of the enzymes in the heme synthesis pathway is deficient, which causes a decrease in heme synthesis and a buildup of metabolites formed in the earlier steps of the pathway.

血红素合成路径中，如果有中一种酶缺乏导致血红素合成下降及合成路径的早期，大量代谢产物形成，卟啉症就会发生。

The last important thing to keep in mind is that acute intermittent porphyria can be distinguished from the other many porphyrias by the fact that it doesn't cause any photosensitive cutaneous symptoms, like skin blistering when exposed to sunlight.

还需要牢记的是，急性间歇性卟啉病患者一般没有光敏皮肤症状，可区别与许多他类型的卟啉病：那些患者暴露光照下时，皮肤会起水疱。