The follicles respond by pumping out estrogen.

卵泡成熟，会进一步促进雌性激素分泌。

The protein follistatin, has an antagonist effect to myostatin, diminishing myostatin's muscle limiting effect.

卵泡抑素蛋白与肌抑素存在拮抗，能降低肌抑素对肌肉限制。

It's a multi-billion dollar business to figure out how to save the follicle.

弄清楚如何保存卵泡是一项价值数十亿美元生意。

Progesterone is produced by the empty follicle in the ovary.

黄体酮是由卵巢中空卵泡产生。

Stacy Sims, a researcher at Auckland University of Technology, in New Zealand, recommends athletes increase intensity in the low-hormone follicular phase of the cycle, when the body is primed to bear heavy loads.

新西兰奥克兰理工大学研究员斯泰西·西姆斯建议运动员在周期低激素卵泡阶段增强度，此时身体已经准备好承沉重负荷。

This includes growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone which acts on the adrenal gland, thyroid stimulating hormone which acts on the thyroid, and the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone, which act on the ovaries.

他们包括生长激素、于肾上腺促肾上腺皮质激素、于甲状腺促甲状腺激素，及于卵巢黄体生成素（LH）和卵泡刺激素（FSH）。

And these are women who are undergoing in vitro fertilization, IVF, so we're also looking at their follicular fluid-so the fluid around the eggs that we get at the time of the egg retrieval.

这些是正在接体外，也就是试管女性，我们也观察了她们卵泡液--即提取卵子时得到卵子周围液体。

There is some evidence that men are more attractive to women when they are in the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle, and their testosterone levels are at their highest.

有一些证据表明，当男性处于女性月经周期卵泡期时，他们对女性更有吸引力，而且他们睾丸激素水平处于最高。

But out of that bunch of follicles — usually about 20 or so — only one follicle will end up supporting a single, mature egg.

但是在那一堆卵泡中——通常大约 20 个——只有一个卵泡最终会支持一个成熟卵子。

The body will respond by producing more follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) than normal, since these hormones stimulate estrogen secretion by the ovaries.

人体会产生比正常人更多促卵泡激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH），因为这些激素会刺激卵巢分泌雌激素。

Fertility experts regard a high FSH level as a key indicator of having a low egg count.

生育专家将卵泡刺激素数值为重要指标来衡量女性体内卵子数量，数值高则卵子数量少。

The dominant follicle completes its third stage of development in a blaze of glory called ovulation.

优势卵泡就即将开始成熟过程中第三个阶段，这个光荣阶段叫做排卵。

Pituitary FSH makes the follicles grow and the granulosa cells produce more estrogen.

垂体生成FSH使卵泡生长，并且使颗粒细胞生成更多雌激素。

The presence of high levels of FSH indicates lower numbers of eggs.

高数值卵泡刺激素则意味着更少卵子。

Later symptoms include amenorrhea, an absence of a normal menstrual cycle, even after a period of lactation, which is due to a lack of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone.

晚期症状包括闭经，即月经周期不正常，甚至就在哺乳期后出现，这是由于缺乏黄体生成素和卵泡刺激素。

Now in puberty in both male and females the hypothalamus starts to release more gonadotropin releasing hormone which gets the pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone.

青春期时男性和女性体内下丘脑开始释放更多促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）；这种激素会使垂体释放黄体生成素（LH）和促卵泡激素（FSH）。

The other cycle, the ovarian cycle, is all about the maturation of the follicle and egg, and it's actually what drives the menstrual cycle.

另一个周期，卵巢周期，是关于卵泡和卵子成熟，这实际上是驱动月经周期原因。

With roughly 150 milligrams of epicatechin supplementation per day, the 6 middle-aged subjects saw a 16.6% myostatin decrease and a 49.2% follistatin increase.

每日 150 毫克表儿茶素补剂，使六位中年实验者肌抑素降低 16.6%，卵泡抑素则增长了 49.2%。

There are two other hormones also involved — the follicle-stimulating hormone, or FSH, and the luteinizing hormone, or LH.

另外还有两种激素——促卵泡激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）。

It usually takes about a week for a dominant follicle to get selected, and after that happens, the rest of the follicles regress and die off.

优势卵泡筛选大概要经历一周；优势卵泡被募集后，其余卵泡就会退化闭锁。