He said the large donations represent an important change in its strategy and give grantees more power in directing their own work.

他说，这笔大额款代表着基金会战略的重要变化，并赋予受者更大的权力来指导自己的工作。

Donor doesn't know the recipient or vice versa.

者与受者互不相识。

He had found that antigens, protein markers on the outside of cells, differed according to the blood type, and that blood clumped when the donated red blood cells were of a different type from the recipient's red blood cells.

他发现， 抗原即细胞外的蛋白质标志物，会根据血型的不同而不同，并且者的红细胞与受者的红细胞类型不同时， 血液会发生凝集。

Well, I think they're going to, but they're going to probably fight over exactly what it means to disperse the money, including they're going to say they shouldn't disperse it to grantees they've canceled.

我认为他们会这么做， 但他们可能会就如何分配这笔资金的具体含展开争论，包括他们可能会主张不应将资金分配给已被取消资格的受者。

He'd started out by taking tracheas from dead bodies, stripping them of their cells, and then bathing them in the recipient's own stem cells before implanting them.

他最初的做法是从尸体中取出气管，去除其细胞， 然后前将其浸泡受者的干细胞中。

We knew nothing about the next potential donee on that list.

我们对受者名单的排序情况一无所知。

The reason is that private charity preserves the direct and voluntary bond between donors and donees.

原因于，私人慈善维持了者与受者之间直接且自愿的联系。

This most notably concerns gifts that improve the material situation of the donee and which the latter expects to receive, such as alimony payments or charitable donations.

这尤其涉及那些旨改善受者物质状况且受者预期会收到的礼物，例如赡养费或慈善。

Our point is merely that a gift, to be a gift at all, must be accepted by the donee or his legal representative.

我们的观点仅仅是， 一份礼物， 要成为真正的礼物，必须被受者或其法定代表人所接受。

When donees truly depend on their sponsors, the latter have a strong incentive to engage with those who cannot help themselves, to engage with them not only by handing over a check, but also with empathy and friendship.

受者真正依赖者时，后者就有强烈的动机去接触那些无法自助的人，不仅通过转账支票来帮助他们，还会带着同理心和友谊去接触他们。

They do not penetrate to the heart of the matter, the intentions of the donor and the donee.

他们未能触及问题的核心，即者与受者的意图。

Similarly, there is a risk for the donee that the donor will abuse his position of power and start to exact conditions.

同样，受者也面临风险，即者可能滥用其权力地位，开始强加条件。

The donor acquires the satisfaction which the better condition of the receiver gives to him.

者获得了因受者状况改善而带来的满足感。

The only relevant consideration is whether the donor freely intends to give without expecting any return, out of his love for the donee.

唯一相关的考量是，者是否出于对受者的爱，自愿无偿地进行，而不期望任何回报。

These risks depend on the character of the donor, on the character of the donee on the scope of the expected donations, and on various other factors.

这些风险取决于者的品格、受者的品格、预期的范围以及各种其他因素。

Freedom of action makes donors and donees responsible, thereby limiting the aforesaid risks.

行动自由使者和受者承担责任，从而限制上述风险。

Gifts can be embarrassing for the beneficiary.

礼物可能会让受者感到尴尬。

Then he will turn to his donees to ask them for a quid pro quo.

然后，他会转向受者，要求他们给予相应的回报。

When a donor has the option to cut back on or walk away from his charitable engagements, there are strong incentives for the donee not to abuse the support he receives.

者可以选择减少或退出其慈善承诺时，受者滥用所获支持的动机就会大大减弱。

The donee needs to do something.

受者需要有所作为。