But the PSA result could also mean an enlarged but non-cancerous prostate gland.

但也有可能是前列腺增生，而非前列腺癌。

First described in 1954, Castleman presents partly like an autoimmune condition and partly like cancer.

淋巴结增生症首次出于1954年，部分表为自身免疫性疾病，部分表为癌症。

A very clear display of insulin's fattening properties is " Lipohypertrophy" — a well-known phenomenon where people who inject insulin will develop a bulb of fat at the site of injection.

胰岛素增肥特性一个显著表就是“脂肪增生”——一种非常著象，病人注射胰岛素身体部位，会长出一坨肥肉来。

The formation on the wrist is not arthritic.

他手腕上增生不是关节炎。

The majority of these polyps won't do any harm, but some can become cancerous when their cells begin to grow and divide rapidly, projecting further into the colon.

大多数息肉对身体无害，但是当它们细胞不断增生和迅速分裂，往大肠内增殖，有些息肉会致癌。

Whatever the irritants are, their effect is to stimulate hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the mucinous glands in the main bronchi, as well as the goblet cells in the smaller airways - the bronchioles, which increases mucus production in both locations.

无论哪种刺激，都会激发主支气管黏液腺以及小气道杯细胞肥大增生，使得肺内各个部位黏液产生增加。

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia can turn into a particular type of squamous cell cancer called verrucous carcinoma, and it's also sometimes called snuff-dipper's cancer since it is more common among users of snuff and other forms of chewing tobacco.

增生性白斑可发展成一种特殊鳞细胞癌，癌，有也叫作“鼻烟”癌，因为这在鼻烟和其它形式嚼烟使用者中更常见。

In the short term, there is muscle regeneration resulting in muscle fibers of different sizes, but in the long term, the muscles atrophy and are infiltrated by fat and fibrotic tissue, which leaves them really weak.

短期内，肌肉再生造成大小参差肌纤维细胞，但是长期下去，肌肉萎缩并且脂肪组织和结缔纤维组织增生渗入其间，导致肌肉无力。

Endocardial fibroelastosis happens most often in children, and is thought to be caused by a variety of diseases and stresses, like infections and even nutritional deficiencies.

心内膜弹力纤维增生症通常发生在小孩身上，且被认为是由各种疾病和压力导致，比如说感染以及甚至是营养物质缺乏。

This could be due to a blockage in urine flow, like a hypertrophic prostate in men which presses on the urethra or an ineffective detrusor muscle.

这可能是尿液流动中遭遇阻塞，比如男性前列腺增生压迫尿道，或者是膀胱逼尿肌失灵。

Nasal Polyp are fleshy swellings that develop in the lining mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses, air-filled spaces, linked to the nasal cavity.

鼻息肉是在与鼻腔相连鼻腔和鼻窦（充满空气间隙）内壁黏膜中增生肉质肿胀。

Finally any growths within the spinal canal like tumors, cysts, or abscesses can cause compression on the spinal cord and nerves.

最后是椎管内任何增生：如肿瘤、囊肿或脓肿，也可导致压迫脊髓神经。

Over time, splenic infarcts can lead to an auto-splenectomy - where the spleen scars down and fibroses to basically nothing.

久而久之，脾梗塞会导致脾自截，脾脏瘢痕及纤维组织增生，从而导致脾功能丧失。

The apps also falsely identified plenty of benign growths as possibly cancerous. The findings are in the journal JAMA Dermatology.

且应用程序还误将大量良性增生判断为可能导致癌变。研究结果刊登在《美国医学会皮肤科》杂志上。

This results in growth of the thyroid glands and stimulates the follicular cells to produce excess thyroid hormone.

这会导致甲腺增生并刺激滤泡细胞，产生过量甲腺激素。

In some species, these bizarre outgrowth can account for almost 17 percent of the insect's body weight.

其中有些种类增生出来这部分能占到昆虫体重百分之十七。

David was battling Castleman disease, a rare autoimmune disorder involving immune cells attacking vital organs.

大卫当正在与淋巴结增生症作斗争，这是一种罕见自身免疫性疾病，患病后免疫细胞会攻击重要器官。

And when people have to routinely inject insulin in themselves, they experience something called lipohypertrophy — the site at which insulin is injected has a clear accumulation of fat.

当有人定自行注射胰岛素一段间后，他们都会经历“脂肪增生”——注射胰岛素部位有明显脂肪堆积。

This dysplasia increases the chance that these cells might eventually develop into laryngeal cancer.

异型增生增加了最终进展为喉癌可能。

That's a slow process: though growth times vary, it often takes around ten years for a small polyp to grow and develop into a cancerous one.

虽然癌症生长期不定，但通常一小簇息肉须花十多年间增生和发展成癌性肿瘤。