Muscles that run through the periosteum and the bone itself may also become inflamed.

骨外膜肌肉，以及骨骼本身就会引起发炎。

But it gets even better, as the oxygen of the air bubble runs out, new oxygen diffuses into the bubble from the water around, it while the carbon dioxide diffuses outwards into the water.

但不只如此，外膜中氧气用完时，新氧气从水扩散到膜内，而二氧化碳向外扩散到水中。

So there are tiny blood vessels, called the vasa vasorum, which means vessels of the vessels that creep along the tunica externa to bring nutrients to specifically that layer of the blood vessel wall.

所以有些微小血管，叫血管滋养管；拉丁语义为“血管血管”：它们沿外膜走行，为血管壁提供营养。

Underneath the capsule, there's an outer membrane, which consist of lipopolysaccharides, or LPS.

荚膜下面一外膜，主要成分脂多糖（LPS）。

The blue light, it turned out, damages the pigment in the bacteria's outer membrane.

事实证明，蓝光会破坏细菌外膜中色素。

Normally, the wall of the entire gastrointestinal tract is made of 4 layers: the inner mucosa, the submucosa, a muscular layer, and an outer layer called the adventitia.

正常情况下，整个胃肠道壁4组成：粘膜、粘膜下、肌和外（即外膜）。

The bladder wall consists of three layers — an inner mucosa, surrounded by a thick muscular layer called the detrusor wrapped in a fibrous, protective outer membrane.

膀胱壁组成——内粘膜，被一厚厚叫做逼尿肌肌肉包，这肌肉包裹在纤维状保护性外膜中。

The jellyfish body is mainly composed of mesoglea, a jelly-like fluid sandwich between the outer ectoderm and the inner digestive cavity the endoderm.

水母身体主要中间胶质组成，中间胶质一种果冻状液体，夹在外外膜和内消化腔内膜之间。

The coronary arteries start up in the epicardium, and then dive down and supply all the heart tissue.

冠状动脉在心外膜发出，然后深入供应所有心脏组织。

There were also no cases of myocarditis or pericarditis — inflammation of the heart muscle or its lining.

试验中也没有心肌炎或心包炎案例，这两种疾病分别心脏肌肉或心脏外膜发炎。

To make things really wild, some huge vessels have a tunica externa that's so thick that it needs its own blood supply.

神奇，一些大血管拥有非常厚外膜，以至需要有自己血液供应。

Whatever the case, the heart needs blood, and if we look at the heart wall, there's three layers—the outermost layer, the epicardium, then the myocardium in the middle, and the endocardium inside the heart.

无论什么情况下，心肌都需要供血，我们学习心壁时知道，心壁有3：最外心外膜、中心肌，以及心脏内心内膜。

Meanwhile, the inner serous pericardium consists of an inner visceral layer, or epicardium — which is actually part of the heart wall — and an outer parietal layer.

同时，内部浆液性心包内部内脏或心外膜——实际上心壁一部分——和外部顶组成。

From the outside in, these are the adventitia, or serosa; the muscular layer; the submucosa and the mucosa.

从外到内看，分别外膜（或者说浆膜）、肌、黏膜下与黏膜。

And finally, the outermost layer of your blood vessels is the tunica externa.

最后，你血管最外外膜。

The outermost layer is either the adventitia, a thick fibrous connective tissue, or the serosa, a slippery serous membrane.

消化道外膜，既有结缔组织构成纤维膜，也有光滑、分泌浆液浆膜。

In addition there is a thick muscular layer called the detrusor muscle that helps with bladder contraction during urination and it has fibrous adventitia outer layer.

此外，还有一较厚肌肉，称为逼尿肌，能辅助排尿过程，其外有纤维外膜。

The tunica externa also has nerve fibers, lymphatic vessels, and in the biggest vessels, the protein elastin.

外膜也有神经纤维、淋巴管，在最大血管中也有弹性蛋白。

Finally, there's the tunica externa or outside tunic which is made up of loosely woven fibers of collagen protein that protect and reinforce the blood vessel and anchor it in place.

最后外膜，疏松结缔组织组成，含弹性纤维和胶原纤维，可保护和加固血管并使其固定。

So, moving from the outside of the heart to the inside of the heart: after the epicardium, there's the myocardium, which is the muscular middle layer.

从心脏外侧到心脏内部：在心外膜后，有心肌，即中间肌肉。