Something was making him nibble at the edge of stale ideas as if his sturdy physical egotism no longer nourished his peremptory heart.

不知什么东西在使他从陈腐的学里摄取精神食粮，仿佛他那壮硕体格的唯我主义已经不再能滋养他那颗唯我独尊的心了。

The beak shapes of different species of Galapagos finches played an important part in Darwin's conception of natural selection.

加拉帕戈群岛不同雀类的鸟喙形状在达尔文的自然选择学中扮演了重要角色。

That's thanks to something called plate tectonics.

这要归功于板块构造学。

These were the men (and a handful of women) who put the “ism” into Darwinism.

是他们（其中有男有女）把零散的主义归结成为达尔文学。

Thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines.

成千上万自信孤傲的、识形态和经济学。

But there were doctrines of absolutism that originated with jurists early.

绝对主义的学起源于早期的法学家的理论。

And by the way this is not just my doctrine there's a doctrine economics that tries to explain why firms come into existence.

此外 这不是我独创的，有一经济学学可以解释的。

As for Jeremy Bentham, who launched utilitarianism as a doctrine in moral and legal philosophy, Bentham died in 1832 at the age of 85.

杰里米·边沁确立了功利主义作为道德和法律哲学学的地位，边沁死于1832年，享年85岁。

You will probably make some mistakes while learning to speak English.

在学英语的时候，你可能会犯一些错误。

And this cross of shame became the symbol of the new teaching.

而这个耻辱的绞刑架则成了这新学的标志。

Okay, but do little kids freak out over every mistake when they're learning to talk?

好吧，但是小孩子们在学话的时候，会因为犯错就崩溃吗？

People didn't understand continental drift because they didn't understand seafloor spreading.

人们不相信大陆漂移是因为他们不了解海底扩张学。

That's also, you know, a part of Confucianism.

那也是儒家学的一部分。

Ultimately though, these are most correlations and theories, right?

从根本上，这些是最相关的研究和学了，是吧？

Really, Leonard? You're just going to try to recycle Adler's doctrine of the inferiority complex?

真的假的 莱纳德 你是想把阿德勒学中的自卑情结套用在我身上吗？

Medics were into their herbs as well as their humours.

医生不仅热衷于体液（学），还很喜欢草药。

If you really want to challenge yourself, you could learn to speak Hindi.

如果你真的想挑战自我可以学印地语。

Much of Confucian thought on Heaven and people represents universal human values.

在孔子关于" 天" 、" 人" 的学中，有很多思想体现了人类的普遍价值。

This is the eureka theory of history.

这就是历史的顿悟学。

But even then, it took another hundred years for an accurate description of blood flow to emerge, and two hundred more for the theory of the Four Humours to fade.

但即便如此，还是再等了一百年的时间才出现对血流的正确描述，再经过两百多年，四体液学才慢慢消失。