And that's when they're used in relative clauses to introduce adjective clauses.

那就是在形容词性的定语从句里面。

So the participle is just a reduced adjective clause.

这分词就是这定语从句的省略形式。

When the relative pronoun represents the object of the relative clause, such as in sentences b) and d) , it can be left out.

当词指定了定语从句中的宾语，比如第二句和第四句，它就可以被省略。

One kind of dependent clause is the adjective clause. It gives more information about a noun.

定语从句是从句的一种，它提供了更多与名词相的信息。

The last relative pronoun " what" can also be used in relative clauses, but it is different.

最后一词 “what” 也可以用于定语从句中，但是它比较特别。

Defining relative clauses such as these specify which noun we are talking about.

像这些句子就是限定性定语从句了，限定了我们所讨论的名词是哪。

However, if it represents the subject of the relative clause, such as in a) and c) , it cannot be left out.

但是，如果它指的是定语从句中的主语，就像第一句和第三句，它就不能被省略。

" Whom" is a relative pronoun used for people, but only when they are the object of the relative clause!

“Whom” 是用于指 “人” 的词，但是只有当它是定语从句的宾语时才使用。

If it is at the end of the relative clause, the sentence is less formal.

如果它出现在定语从句句末，句子就会不那么正式。

They use the relative pronouns " who" and " which" .

限定性定语从句会用到词 “who” 和 “which”。

So, if you don't know what a relative clause is, that's okay.

所以，如果你不知道什么是定语从句，也没。

So, we have relative clauses in there.

所以，那里有定语从句。

Easy ways to distinguish between defining and non-defining relative clauses, so we don't need to be afraid of them anymore.

轻松区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的方法，这样我们就不再害怕它们了。

In defining relative clauses we often use " that" instead of " who" , " whom" or " which" .

在定义定语从句时，我们经常用“that”替“who”、“whom”或“which”。

The taxi is a small Swiss airplane called a Pilatus Porter .

分词作定语Done 作定语。

The best test for locating an attributive is to speak the sentence aloud.

定位定语的最佳测试是大声说出句子。

So, let's have a closer look at the grammar of relative clauses.

那么，让我们仔细看看定语从句的语法。

Anyway, here the relative clause, that my mother gave me, tells us which t-shirt Finn is talking about.

总之， 这里的定语从句“我妈妈给我的”指明了芬恩谈论的是哪件T恤。

That type of clause is sometimes called a restrictive clause, or an essential clause, or a defining clause.

那种从句有时被称为限制性从句，或必要性从句，或定语从句。

'Who she met at the party' is absolutely necessary and is a defining relative clause.

'她在聚会上遇到的人' 是绝对必要的，这是一限定性定语从句。