Wolfe says the Vibrio bacteria may be able to actually eat the aromas-which, after all, consist of chemical compounds.

沃尔夫表示，可能真的能够消灭掉这些气味——毕竟，这些气味是由化合物组成的。

Oysters can carry a scary flesh-eating bacteria called Vibrio vulnificus.

蚝可能携带一种可怕的食肉叫创伤。

V. cholerae O1 has caused all recent outbreaks.

正是O1型霍乱引起了最近的所有暴发。

This can cause symptoms like vomiting and voluminous amounts of watery diarrhea containing extremely high concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate; as well as high levels of live V. cholerae ready to infect another individual.

这可能导致呕吐、含有大量高浓度的钠、钾、氯化物和碳酸氢盐的水样腹泻，以及可能感染另一个人的高活跃性的霍乱。

Coastlines are warm enough for the dangerous Vibrio bacteria to grow in the Baltic areas of Europe and the Northeast and Pacific Northwest of the U.S.

在欧洲的波罗的海地区以及美国东北部和太平洋西北部的海岸线地区，高温足以使这些地区滋生危险的。

Transmission of V. cholerae typically occurs through a fecal to oral route.

霍乱的传播通常为粪口途径。

Most people infected with V. cholerae do not develop any symptoms, although the bacteria are present in their faeces for 1-10 days after infection and are shed back into the environment, potentially infecting other people.

大多数感染了霍乱的人并不会出现任何症状，尽管这种病在感染后的1~10天内出现在他们的粪便中，并被释放回环境中传染他人。

There, V. cholerae can begin to multiply and produce toxins.

此时，霍乱得以开始繁殖并产生毒素。

V. cholerae O139 – first identified in Bangladesh in 1992 – caused outbreaks in the past, but recently has only been identified in sporadic cases.

O139型霍乱于1992年在孟加拉国被首次发现，在过去也曾导致霍乱暴发，而最近仅在散发病例中有发现。

So, to recap: Cholera is a contagious, severe gastroenteritis caused by the gram-negative Vibrio cholerae bacteria.

得！快速回顾一下：霍乱是一种由革兰氏阴性霍乱引起的具有传染性的、严重的胃肠炎。

There are many serogroups of V. cholerae, but only two – O1 and O139 – cause outbreaks.

霍乱有许多血清型，但只有O1和O139两种血清型会引起霍乱暴发。

And though V. cholerae does not enter the epithelial cells itself, the toxins do and they can cause a lot of trouble.

虽霍乱本身不会进入上皮细胞，但是毒素会，而且会造成很多麻烦。

V. cholerae is a gram-negative, curved bacteria which looks like little red or pink comma-shapes on a gram stain.

霍乱是革兰氏阴性弯曲细，在革兰氏染色上看起来像浅红色或粉红色的逗号。

Now, when V. cholerae enters the stomach it shuts down protein production to conserve energy and nutrients, and to survive the acidic environment.

霍乱进入胃部时，它会暂停生产蛋白质，以保存能量和营养，而在酸性环境中生存下来。

Cholera caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium is also harder to treat, having developed resistance in Asia and South America.

由霍乱引起的霍乱也变得更难治疗，因为该细已在亚洲和南美洲产生了抗药性。

Most  strains of the cholerae bacteria are harmless and billions of them may live in your  gut right now.

大多数霍乱株是无害的，数十亿这样的细可能现在就生活在你的肠道中。

The bobtail squid have Vibrio fischeri living in them as well.

短尾乌贼体内也有费氏。

Oysters can carry a scary flesh-eating bacteria called

生蚝可能携带一种名为创伤的可怕食肉细。

It's caused by a bacteria, Vibrio cholerae and it's been around for thousands and thousands of years.

它是由霍乱这种细引起的，已经存在了成千上万年。

Vibrio cholerae shower these toxins at the  cells lining your gut, making them sick.

霍乱向你肠道内壁的细胞释放这些毒素，使它们生病。