A kid who knows to add an x-cubed term to a simple harmonic oscillator.

一知单谐加一x的立方的孩。

These particles, called spinons, orbitons, and holons, carry the properties of the electron and can travel off in different directions.

这些准粒称为自旋、轨和整，它们携带有电的属性，会朝不同方向发散。

And this waviness tells us that what happened in this experiment is that the electron was split into spinons and orbitons.

这波纹告诉我们，在这次实验中，电分裂为自旋和轨。

And to build a little intuition, take a moment to think about what would happen if the frequency of the incoming light was something very close to the resonant frequency of this oscillator.

为了建立一些直觉，花一点时间思考一下，如果入射光的频率非常接近这的共频率，会发生什么。

In a very simple system, like a one-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator, like a pendulum, think about understanding the whole universe without understanding the initial conditions.

在一非常单的系统中， 比如一维谐，像钟摆那样， 试想在不了解初始条件的情况下试图理解整宇宙。

This term, square root of k divided by m, has a special name, it's called the resonant frequency for our simple harmonic oscillator.

这术语， k除以m的平方根，有一特殊的名称， 它被称为我们谐的共频率。

Although a key difference here is that the frequency of that external force in general has nothing to do with the resonant frequency of that little oscillator.

尽管这里的关键差异在于，外部力的频率通常与那小的共频率无关。

You cannot truly explain the light separation until you get down to the driven harmonic oscillator.

你无法真正解释光的分离，直到你深入到受驱谐的层面。