A kid who knows to add an x-cubed term to a simple harmonic oscillator.

一个简单谐加一个x立方孩。

These particles, called spinons, orbitons, and holons, carry the properties of the electron and can travel off in different directions.

这些准粒称为自旋、轨和整，它们携带有电属性，会朝不同方向发散。

And this waviness tells us that what happened in this experiment is that the electron was split into spinons and orbitons.

这个波纹告诉我们，在这次实验中，电分裂为自旋和轨。

And to build a little intuition, take a moment to think about what would happen if the frequency of the incoming light was something very close to the resonant frequency of this oscillator.

为了建立一些直觉，花一点时间思考一下，如果入射光频率非常接近这个共频率，会发生什么。

In a very simple system, like a one-dimensional simple harmonic oscillator, like a pendulum, think about understanding the whole universe without understanding the initial conditions.

在一个非常简单系统中， 比如一维简谐，像钟摆那样， 试想在不了解初始条件情况下试图理解整个宇宙。

This term, square root of k divided by m, has a special name, it's called the resonant frequency for our simple harmonic oscillator.

这个术语， k除以m平方根，有一个特殊名称， 它被称为我们简谐共频率。

Although a key difference here is that the frequency of that external force in general has nothing to do with the resonant frequency of that little oscillator.

尽管这里关键差异在于，外部力频率通常与那个小共频率无关。

You cannot truly explain the light separation until you get down to the driven harmonic oscillator.

你无法真正解释光分离，直到你深入到受驱简谐层面。