It is a mechanism that helps prevent self-pollination and is most common among wind-pollinated and unspecialized insect-pollinated flowers, as in figwort.
The flowers were pretreated by (A) emasculating then bagging, (B) removal of stigma and (C) crosspollination, respectively as compared with control: open-pollination after emasculation.
Based on the experiment results, hand-cross-pollination operation procedure for sugar apple and atemoya is proposed for practical utilization in the industry to solve the dilemma.