Mars' soils are alkaline and lack the vital nitrogen compounds that plants need to grow.

火星的土壤是碱性的，缺乏植物生长必需的合物。

With less blood being filtered, less urine is produced, called oliguria, abnormally low urine production, and less urea and creatinine get filtered out, so more stays in the blood, called azotemia, high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood.

血液滤过减少，造成尿量减少，称为少尿，即尿量异常低，同时尿素和肌酐滤出减少，转而遗留在血液中，即质血症：血液中含有大量的含合物。

It's made from the stuff of microchips: silicon, a layer of silicon dioxide, and on top a very thin film of silicon nitride, which is perforated by a grid of microscopic circular holes.

、二氧层以及最上层非常薄的薄膜，而这层薄膜被打上排成的小圆孔。

When the team examined what they had done under a microscope, they found that the graphene had wrapped itself around the silicon-nitride grains, forming continuous walls.

当研究团队在显镜下观察合成物时，他们发现石墨烯包裹在颗粒周围，形成了连续的" 壁" 。

If I worked with Azidoazide Azide, waking up every morning, and seeing that I still had all my fingers would be a very exciting discovery.

如果我研究叠物，每天早上醒来发现自己手指都还健在的话，那倒是一项令人振奋的发现。

According to consulting firm Yole, GaN's market revenue will reach US$750 million in 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 92 percent.

据悠乐咨询公司称，镓的市场收入将在 2024 年达到 7.5 亿美元，平均年增长率为 92%。

" Azidoazide azide" , the most explosive chemical compound ever created.

叠物，史上最易爆炸的人造合物。

Using a special enzyme, they stuff urea — another nitrogen containing compound — into their tissues.

它们使用一种特殊的酶，它们向组织中填装尿素 ——另一种含合物。

Some third-party companies create GaN chargers for the iPhone 13, but their efficiency is limited because Apple does not have a built-in GaN design.

一些第三方公司为 iPhone13 制造镓充电器，但由于苹果没有内置镓设计，它们的效率有限。

Finally, if those nitrogen-containing compounds aren't being filtered out, more stays in the blood, which causes azotemia.

最终，如果那些含合物没有滤出，更多会留在血液中，导致质血症。

Components are made by sintering it in powder form in a mould, at 1,000oC, for several hours.

这些部件是将粉末置于模具中，处于1000摄氏度高温下烧制数小时而成。

The ceramic they experimented with was silicon nitride, a material much admired in the aerospace industry.

她们测试的陶瓷材料是－－一种在太空工业中饱受赞誉的材料。

Simply put, the main advantage of GaN is that it generates less heat than silicon.

简单地说，镓的主要优点是它产生的热量比少。

Shanghai-listed San'an Optoelectronics, a major LED chip and component manufacturer in China, has GaN production lines and mature technologies.

在上海上市的三安光电是中国主要的 LED 芯片和组件制造商，拥有镓生产线和成熟的技术。

The result was a composite that was able to withstand twice as much pressure as unalloyed silicon nitride.

和纯相比，其合成物能经受的压力强度翻倍。

GaN technology is expected to play a role in the smartphone industry, which has been dominated by silicon for over a decade.

镓技术有望在智能手机行业发挥作用，该行业十多年来一直由碳技术垄断。

GaN charging has the advantages of being lightweight, small in size, and producing less heat, making it ideal for travel.

镓充电具有重量轻、体积小、发热少的优点，非常适合旅行。

The charging speed is 10 times faster than the iPhone and comes from a new material called GaN, or gallium nitride.

充电速度比 iPhone 快 10 倍，来自一种叫做镓的新材料。

Using a special enzyme, they stuff urea–another nitrogen containing compound–into their tissues.

使用一种特殊的酶，它们将尿素——另一种含合物——储存在组织中。

The material we're after is called gallium nitride, or GaN.

我们正在寻找的材料称为镓或 GaN。