Plants and animals that have previously drifted toward Antarctica may have been destroyed by the floating sea ice that constantly crushes and scrapes against the coastline. Alternatively, they may have been unable to survive the cold.
Stuck in a thick field of floating ice off the coast of Antarctica earlier this month, the Coast Guard's flagship icebreaker, the Polar Star, was deployed to rescue the ship.
The 22- member Russian crew of the Academic Shicaoski have decided to stay on board, rescue team say could be weeks before the melting pack ice set them and their vessel free.
And so the fact that on planets, such as on Mars, where you might have hydrothermal features under some of the ice floes that might make liquid water is very exciting.
Generally, polar bears will starve if there are more than 100 sea-ice-free days during the year because they primarily rely on sea ice to hunt for seals and other prey.
As sea ice melts, energy and oil companies are taking it as an opportunity to search further North for untapped resources, using a process known as seismic blasting.