He felt dust fronts, billowings, mixings of turbulence, an occasional vortex.

他感觉尘埃、滚滚浪潮、湍流混合，以及偶尔出现漩涡。

Without a surface layer of ice, will wind and waves cause so much turbulence and mixing that warm deep salt water rises to the surface and prevents even winter ice?

如果没有层冰，风和波浪是否会引起如此大湍流和混合，以至于温暖深盐水，甚至阻止冬季结冰？

Once released from the surface, dust particles are raised to higher levels of the troposphere by turbulent mixing and convective updrafts.

一旦从地释放出来， 尘埃颗粒就会通过湍流混合和对流气流对流层更高水平。