So that we are using very highly sophisticated equipment, mainly the electron beam lithography.

我们使用的是非常精密的设备，主要是子光刻。

And anywhere we find ink, we sort of paint it on the virtually unwrapped surface.

哪里有墨水痕迹，就往哪部分发射子。

They can also detect solar flares, Earth gamma flashes and Earth electron beams.

它们还可以探测太阳耀斑、地球光和地球子。

Inside the ring, under the care of Dr Andreas Ludeke, a beam of electrons creates the ultimate X-ray laser.

在安德烈亚斯·路德克博士看管下，在环状结构内，一子产生了终极 x 射线激光。

Then bombarding the plastic with electron beams from a particle accelerator which evaporate water and bond the plastic to the lacquer.

然后用粒子加速器发出的子轰击塑胶以使其水分挥发并与漆层粘合。

The first option is to direct the electron beam to trace out shapes.

第一个选项是引导子来描绘形状。

You only turn on the electron beam at certain points to create graphics.

你只在某些点开启子来创建图形。

First, they used a laser plasma accelerator to generate beams of high-energy electrons.

首先，他们利用激光等离子体加速器生成了子。

Synchrotrons are particle accelerators that propel beams of electrons at high speed.

同步辐射装置是将子加速到速的粒子加速器。

The Department of Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory aims to use a space-based electron beam to, in essence, manufacture lightning.

美国源部的洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室旨在利用太空子来制造。

And what you do there is you shoot a laser beam or an electron beam into a very diffuse gas.

在那里，你往一种非常稀薄的气体中发射激光或子。

And to make these structures reproducible, and therefore the properties of the electron beams reproducible, is much, much more challenging.

为了使这些结构可重复，从而使子的特性可重复，是一项更加艰巨的挑战。

With the help of electron-beam lithography, Dr Pass and his colleagues produced 5m of them and suspended them in a vial of water.

在子光刻技术的帮助下，帕斯博士和他的同事制作了 5 m 的纳米粒子， 并将它们悬浮在一小瓶水中。

Our electron beam has a certain energy spread, so the electrons sometimes have a little bit more and a little bit less energy.

我们的子具有一定的量分布，因此子有时会稍微多一些量，有时则少一些。

And so inside a vacuum chamber they had an electron gun that would produce an electron beam that would strike a nickel target.

因此，他们在真空室内安装了一把子枪，该子枪可以产生子，击中镍靶。

And then what we do is we use a specific setup that we call a magnetic chicane and stretch the electron bunch in time.

接下来，我们采用一种称为磁性曲折装置的特定设置，在时间上将子拉长。

To see if matter could also behave like a wave, physicists tried the same experiment, but with a beam of electrons instead of light.

看看该物质是否也可以表现得像 波，物理学家尝试了同样的实验， 但是用子代替光。

Finally, as the team subjected the sample to higher temperatures and pressures, they used X-ray and electron beams to track the changes in the material.

最后， 当研究团队将样本暴露在更的温度和压力下时，他们使用X射线和子来追踪材料的变化。

With the help of electron beam lithography, Dr Paas and his colleagues produced 5 million of them and suspended them in a vial of water.

在子光刻的帮助下， 帕斯博士和他的同事制造了500万个微型自画像，并将它们悬浮在一瓶水中。

The double-slit experiment was set up to fire electrons at a piece of material with two slits in it to see how they impacted the wall behind the material.

这个双缝实验是通过在一张有两个缝隙的纸张前发射子。以此来观察它们是如何映射到纸后的墙壁上。