Dr Hazen has already demonstrated, in a paper published in 2011, that parts of the microbiome can promote atherosclerosis.

Hazen博士在2011年发表的一篇文章已经证实，某些肠道细菌有助于引起样硬化。

Oral bacteria can also contribute to inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis or pneumonia.

口腔细菌还能导致炎症疾病，例如样硬化或肺炎。

These include Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, metastatic uterine cancer, strokes and atherosclerosis, the furring of the arteries that can lead to a heart attack.

这些疾病包括阿尔茨海默症和其他神经退行疾病、律失常、转移子宫癌、中风和样硬化等，淤积还可能引发脏类的疾病。

Inflammation has been linked to a host of other diseases, such as heart disease and atherosclerosis — where fat deposits inside the blood vessels restrict blood flow to that area—diabetes, and even aging.

炎症与许多其他疾病有关，如脏病和样硬化（内的脂肪沉积限制了该区域的液流）、糖尿病，甚至衰老。

Two things of which, when consumed chronically or in excess, has been connected to health diseases such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.

这两种物质，如果长期或过量食用，就会有患样硬化和2型糖尿病等健康疾病的风险。

Researchers said they found evidence of atherosclerosis in about 30 percent of those who had the CT scan.

研究人员表示，在接受CT扫描的受试者中，约30％的人出现样硬化的现象。

Ischemic heart disease caused by coronary artery atherosclerosis, or plaque buildup, is the most common cause.

由冠状样硬化或小板积聚引起的缺脏病变是左衰最常见的病因。

For example, anything that limits the blood flow to the kidneys, or the renal blood flow, can cause hypertension, as well as things like atherosclerosis, vasculitis, or aortic dissection.

例如，任何阻止流经过肾脏或者限制肾流量的因素，都可以导致高压以及斑块样硬化、炎、主夹层。

Dr Hazen thinks that when it is metabolised by gut bacteria, a chain of events begins that results in atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

Hazen博士认为，它被肠道细菌代谢时，一系列事件相继发生，最终导致样硬化。

Researchers used the CT images to learn if any of the subjects had atherosclerosis before the study began.

研究人员可根据CT图像判断受试者此前是否患有样硬化。

In that paper he showed that choline, a molecule found in eggs and meat, is digested by some gut bacteria to produce trimethylamine, which is then processed in the liver to create trimethylamine N-oxide, or TMAO—a substance that encourages atherosclerosis.

在那篇文章中，他说胆碱（一种存在于蛋和肉类中的分子）被某些肠道细菌消化生成三甲胺，然后三甲胺在肝脏中转化为氧化三甲胺（TMAO），这是一种有助于引发样硬化的物质。

Unstable angina is usually caused by rupture of atherosclerotic plaque with thrombosis, meaning a blood clot forms on top of a mound of plaque.

不稳定型绞痛通常由于样硬化伴栓破裂，即栓在斑块表面形成。

Experiments in mice confirmed the broader hypothesis: TMAO production relies on microbes that digest carnitine, and prolonged consumption of that chemical by susceptible mice leads to atherosclerosis.

对老鼠进行的实验证实了进一步的猜想：产生TMAO需要能消化左旋肉碱的细菌参与，易患病的老鼠如果长期食用左旋肉碱会导致样硬化。

Now a third type of angina is vasospastic angina, also known as Prinzmetal angina, and patients may or may not also have atherosclerosis.

第三种绞痛是痉挛型绞痛（变异型绞痛），患者可能有或无样硬化。

In the majority of cases, the underlying cause of stable angina is atherosclerosis of one or more the coronary arteries—arteries supplying blood to the heart muscles.

大多数情况下，稳定型绞痛的根本原因是一至多个冠状（供应肌的）发生样硬化。

The net effect is both are equally atherogenic in the end.

净效应是两者最终都具有相同的致样硬化。

Because men are getting more heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, other disorders.

因为男患脏病、糖尿病、高压、样硬化等疾病的比例在增加。

In a study in mice published in 2021, Lars Bode at the University of California, San Diego, and his colleagues reported that one HMO reduced the development of atherosclerosis, the blockage of arteries that leads to heart attack and stroke.

加州大学圣地亚哥分校的 Lars Bode 和他的同事在 2021 年发表的一项小鼠研究中报告称，一种 HMO 减少了样硬化（导致脏病发作和中风的阻塞）的发展。

Dysbiosis, as this is known, is at least associated with and in many cases probably helps cause obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, some liver diseases, various cancers, autism, Parkinson's disease, and depression.

菌群失调，正如人们所知的，至少与肥胖、糖尿病、高压、样硬化、哮喘、炎症肠病、某些肝病、各种癌症、自闭症、帕金森病和抑郁症有关，在许多情况下可能还会导致这些疾病的发生。

But dementia is a very difficult risk to manage because there's fewer things we understand about the causal pathways to get there than we do ASCVD.

但痴呆症是一种非常难以理的风险，因为目前我们对导致痴呆的因果路径的了解，远少于对样硬化疾病（ASCVD）的了解。