They're light because of the effects of cosmological red shift.

他们质量很轻，这是因为宇宙红移的影响。

This red shift effect is the mapmaker's vital tool for measuring distance.

这种红移效应是地图制作者测量距离的重要工具。

And red shift was the key to the next vital stage in mapping the universe.

红移效应是绘制宇宙地图下一步骤的关键。

Interpreting redshift is the cornerstone of the quest to pin down the fate of the universe.

解释红移是确定宇宙命运的基石。

And as distant stars move further away from us, the wavelength of their light increases and shifts towards red.

的恒星离我们越来越，它们的光波波长逐渐增，会生红移现象。

Then those can be compared to the supernovae redshifts, which is a different way of getting their distance.

然后可以将之与超新星的红移相比较，这是一种不同的距离测量方法。

It was as if the predictions based on the redshifts were underestimating the distances to the exploding stars.

似乎基于红移的预测低估了到爆炸恒星的距离。

This is very similar to the Doppler redshift I've talked about in earlier episodes, and is called a gravitational redshift.

这和我之前讲过的多普勒红移非常相似，被称为引力红移。

Remember, redshift stretches the wavelength of light.

记住，红移延伸了光的波长。

They are shifted all the way into the infrared, so we're only really able to observe those galaxies by looking infrared.

红移的结果是进入红外线，所以只能通过红外线来观测这些星系。

Out away from earth you drift, This is known from your redshift.

你离地球漂流， 这是从你的红移中得知的。

That's just what galaxy redshifts are telling us.

这就是星系红移告诉我们的。

When he examined their spectra, he saw that almost all of them were highly redshifted.

他检查它们的光谱，他现几乎所有的原子都有高度的红移。

But its wavelength kept stretching out, redshifting until it could only be detected as microwave radiation.

但它的波长不断延伸，红移， 直到它只能作为微波辐射被检测到。

And this trend of distant galaxies moving away from us, and from one another, is called cosmological redshift.

这种星系 离我们、彼此离的趋势被称为 宇宙学红移。

I wanted to explore the whole universe, not just whatever I can see, you know, before the redshift kicks in.

我想探索整个宇宙，而不仅仅是我能看到的一切， 你知道，在红移开始之前。

Using the idea of lookback time, they could predict how far away it would be from us, and therefore calculate its redshift.

利用回溯间的概念，他们可以预测它离我们有多，从而计算它的红移。

On their merry-go-round path, one undergoes a redshift as it moves away, and the other has a blue shift as it moves toward us.

在它们旋转的轨道上，一颗在离地球生红移，另一颗在靠近地球生蓝移。

When light loses energy its wavelength gets longer — that's what cosmological redshift is.

光失去能量，它的波长会变长，这就是宇宙学的红移。

We discussed redshift and used Hubble's Law to calculate how much certain parts of the universe are expanding away from us.

我们讨论了红移，使用哈勃 定律来计算 宇宙的某些部分正在离我们膨胀的程度。