When he examined their spectra, he saw that almost all of them were highly redshifted.

当检查它们的光谱时，几乎所有的原子都有高度的红。

And red shift was the key to the next vital stage in mapping the universe.

红效应绘制宇宙地图下一步骤的关键。

The event horizon of a black hole is that point beyond which we can never receive information because light from that point is redshifted into oblivion.

黑洞的事件视界就我们永远无法接收信息的那个点，因为来自该点的光会生红，直至消失。

There is also the problem that access to telescopes is always at a premium and historically measuring red shifts has been notably costly in telescope time.

使用文望远镜总代价很高，在历史上，测量红要长时间使用文望远镜，令人注目地花钱很多。

They are shifted all the way into the infrared, so we're only really able to observe those galaxies by looking infrared.

红的结果进入红外线，所以只能通过红外线来观测这些星系。

And as distant stars move further away from us, the wavelength of their light increases and shifts towards red.

当遥远的恒星离我们越来越远时，它们的光波波长逐渐增加，并会生红象。

They're light because of the effects of cosmological red shift.

们质量很轻，这因为宇宙红的影响。

Interpreting redshift is the cornerstone of the quest to pin down the fate of the universe.

解释红定宇宙命运的基石。

This red shift effect is the mapmaker's vital tool for measuring distance.

这种红效应地图制作者测量距离的重要工具。

Clearer pictures of the universe that have only been possible in recent years have led cosmologists to conclude that the redshift of distant galaxies is greater than previously predicted.

近年来对宇宙的更清晰的图像才成为可能，这使得宇宙学家得出结论：遥远星系的红比之前预测的要大。

It was as if the predictions based on the redshifts were underestimating the distances to the exploding stars.

似乎基于红的预测低估了到爆炸恒星的距离。

When they compared distances to the redshifts Slipher observed, they found that the farther away the galaxy was, the faster it was moving away from us.

当们将距离与斯莱弗观察到的红进行比较时，们星系离我们越远，远离我们的速度就越快。

This is very similar to the Doppler redshift I've talked about in earlier episodes, and is called a gravitational redshift.

这和我之前讲过的多普勒红非常相似，被称为引力红。

Remember, redshift stretches the wavelength of light.

记住，红延伸了光的波长。

We now know it to be true for every distant galaxy we observe: they are all redshifted, all heading away from us.

我们在知道，对于我们观察到的每一个遥远的星系来说，这都真的：它们都红的，都在远离我们。

Those photons have been traveling ever since, fighting the expansion of the Universe, redshifting into the microwave part of the spectrum, and seen today all over the sky.

从那时起，这些光子就一直在运动，与宇宙的膨胀作斗争，红到光谱的微波部分，今我们在空中随处可见。

Out away from earth you drift, This is known from your redshift.

你远离地球漂流， 这从你的红中得知的。

And so this is an example of that red shift that Hubble saw.

这就哈勃观察到的红的一个例子。

So you need a big telescope operating in the infrared like JWST in order to see those very first galaxies, the ones which are moving so fast away from us, that all of their light is redshifted into the infrared.

所以你需要像 JWST 这样的大型红外望远镜才能看到那些最早的星系，这些星系正在快速远离我们，以至于它们所有的光都被红到红外线。

In the case of light, therefore, this means that stars moving away from us will have their spectra shifted toward the red end of the spectrum (red-shifted) and those moving toward us will have their spectra blue-shifted.

因此，就光而言，这意味着远离我们的恒星的光谱将向光谱的红端动（红），而向我们动的恒星的光谱将生蓝。