Filtering is done by hair-like cellular appendages called cilia.

清除由像头发一样的称为纤毛的细胞附属器官完成。

Around this time, many former smokers notice a decrease in the frequency of lung infections because the healed cilia can do their job more easily.

大约在这个时候，许多戒烟者注意到肺部感染的频率降低了，因为治愈的纤毛可以更容易地完成它们的工作。

The large airways are lined mostly by ciliated columnar cells and a handful of goblet cells which get their name from looking like a wine goblet or glass, and secrete mucus.

大的气道含有大量纤毛柱状上皮细胞与少数杯状细胞；杯状细胞因形似玻璃杯而得名，且分泌粘液。

Tiny hairs inside your nose called cilia help push it further down your nose.

你的鼻子里叫做纤毛的小毛发帮助把它推到鼻子下面。

Smoking also causes the cilia in the lungs to become irritated, and produce excess mucus.

吸烟还会导致肺部纤毛受到刺激，并生过量的粘液。

She later determined the pigment was produced by the aquatic bacterium Leptothrix ochracea.

她后来确定，这种颜料由水生菌赭色纤毛菌制造。

These groupings of stereocilia can be damaged when exposed to prolonged loud noises.

当暴露在长时间的噪音中时，这些立体纤毛群可能会被破坏。

But the team did see single-celled organisms called ciliates in the sick urchins.

但该调查小组确实在患病的海胆中发现了名为纤毛虫的单细胞生物。

The mucociliary escalator consists of mucus that traps invaders and tiny hairs called cilia that carry the mucus toward the mouth, where it can be coughed out.

粘膜纤毛自动扶梯由困住入侵者的粘液和一些细小的毛发组成，这些毛发叫做纤毛，负责把粘液运送至嘴巴，使它们可以被咳出去。

Last year researchers found that hairlike cilia on this special bunch of cells began to beat in unison, pointing toward what will later become the left side.

去年，员发现，这一特殊细胞群上的毛发状纤毛开始协调一致地跳动，指向后来会变成左侧的部分。

To make matters worse, though, smoking makes the cilia short and less mobile, making it harder to move mucus up and out of bronchioles towards the back of the throat to get swallowed.

更糟糕的是，吸烟使纤毛变短，移动幅度更小，使之更难将黏液排送出细支气管，未能抵达咽部被吞咽。

This duct is full of tiny microvilli called stereocilia, which provide a huge surface area to help reabsorb some extra fluid, and help pass along nutrients to feed the idling sperm.

这条管道充满了被称为立体纤毛的微绒毛，它提供了一个巨大的表面积来帮助重新吸收一些额外的液体，并帮助传递营养来喂养空转的精子。

Ependymal cells are also neuroglial cells, and they're cuboidal-to-columnar - so square to rectangular shaped - ciliated cells that line the ventricles and central canal.

室管膜细胞也属于神经胶质细胞，呈立方或柱状，部分带有纤毛，排列在脑室和脊髓中央管内。

In 3-9 months, the damaged cilia in the lungs are almost fully repaired, which are hair-like structures that helps sweep away dust and debris.

3至9个月后 肺部受损的纤毛几乎完全被修复了，纤毛是帮助清除肺部灰尘和碎片的类毛发结构。

The delicate hair-like cilia in the airways and lungs start recovering within weeks, and are restored after 9 months, improving resistance to infection.

几周内，毛发似的纤毛在呼吸道和肺中开始恢复，九个月后结束修复， 提高抗感染能力。

Their legs and the long claws and they're covered with hairs that increase traction and prevent them from sinking into the sand.

靠的是它们的腿和爪尖上面覆盖着纤毛增大张力，防止它们陷入沙中。

The sliding of the stereocilia puts tension in the link until the channels open and ions rush into the cell.

纤毛滑动，使得连接丝中生张力，直到通道打开，离子冲进细胞里。

They also found predators on the herbivores, in the form of ciliates and predator bacteria, which feed on other bacteria.

他们还发现食草动物的捕食者，如纤毛虫以及以其他细菌为食的捕食细菌。

One of the body's first lines of defence against airborne pathogens is known as the " mucociliary clearance mechanism" .

体抵抗空气传播病原体的第一道防线被称为“黏液纤毛清除机制”。

The delicate, hair-like structures inside the lungs known as cilia, which help to fight infections, will have recovered from the toll of cigarette smoke.

肺部纤毛是一种纤细的毛发状结构，有助于抵抗感染，它在这个时候会从香烟的伤害中恢复过来。