And those increases in costs do ripple through the production of pulp and paper.

这些成本的增加确实波及到纸浆和纸张的生产。

Well, the pulp falls from a box onto the first part of the paper machine, which is basically a wire bed with large holes in it, where most of the water is extracted.

哦，纸浆从流浆箱流到造纸机前部，里有一个金属网制的底座上有很多大洞，在那里把大多数水分榨出来。

Recycling of paper and better designed pulp and paper factories have helped decrease waste.

纸张的回收及设计较佳的纸浆和造纸厂都有助于减少浪费。

Despite this, over 70% of their habitat has been destroyed over the last 25 years, mostly due to deforestation for pulp and paper industries, as well as oil palm plantations.

尽管如此，它们超过20%的栖息地在近25年已经被破坏，大部分是因为纸浆和造纸工业对森林的采伐和棕榈种植而引起的滥砍滥伐。

Eventually, they began gluing several sheets of papyrus together to form scrolls, which were basically just a long piece of papyrus or any other kind of paper that's rolled up for storage.

最终呢，他们开始把几张纸浆粘在一起做成卷轴，这其实就是长长的纸莎草或其他种类的纸卷起来存放。

In July China banned imports of 24 kinds of waste such as paper and plastic; the ban came fully into effect on January 1st, but demand (and prices) for raw pulp quickly jumped.

去年7月，中国宣布禁止进口废纸、废塑料等24种废物。禁令于今年1月1生效，而生纸浆的需求(和价格)迅速上涨。

The clean white rags are next put with water into another machine, which pulls the fibres apart, tears them into small pieces, and beats them into a soft white paste or pulp.

接下来, 干净的白色破布与水一起放到另一台机器中, 它可将纤维撕成碎片, 搅拌成柔软的白色纸浆。

The biggest chunk of that sum comes from forest crime—illicitly-cut-down rare timber, like teak, and other illegally harvested trees lost as exported pulp or wood chips.

这些总金额中最大的一部分来自森林犯罪，非法砍伐如刺槐等的稀有木材，或者非法毁坏树木切割作为纸浆或木屑出口。

An old craftsman holds the bamboo screen, and swings it through the tank, making a thin film out of the pulp.

一位老匠人手持竹帘，在水槽中轻轻摇晃，使纸浆均匀铺展成薄薄的一层。

We will launch projects with Russian enterprises in the future for pulp mills and the deep processing of timber.

探索与俄方企业共建纸浆厂，或者开展其他形式的木材深加工项目合作。”

Air bubbles carry the ink up to surface, while the pulp, which is heavier, sinks to the bottom.

气泡将墨水带到水，更重的纸浆下沉到底部。

It's then sent to the " De-inker" , which is another bath containing air bubbles and soap-like chemicals called surfactants that separate the paper from the ink.

然后纸浆被送到“脱墨池”，是另一种池子，里含有气泡，和与肥皂相似的化学物质——表活性剂将纸从墨水中分离出来。

When paper making begins, the bamboo fiber is put into tanks where it is mixed with water to form a pulp.

造纸时，竹纤维被放入水槽，与水混合成纸浆。

This lifted the price of wood, including pulp, which in turn drove up costs for diaper manufacturing.

这提高了包括纸浆在内的木材的价格，进而推高了尿布的生产成本。

The water runs off through the wire bottoms, and a thin sheet of the fibres is left behind.

随后, 纸浆从网中流走, 在托盘上留下一层薄薄的纤维。

That pulp, now clean, can be formed into new paper products.

此时的纸浆非常干净，可被重新做成纸。

These letters are called the water-mark, and they are made by means of wires fixed in the bottom of the tray in which the pulp was taken up.

这些字母就是水印, 人们在托盘底部装上各种造型的细线, 当纸浆覆盖上去之后就会留下这些字母的形状。

Boys dip into this pulp square trays or frames, with bottoms made of thin wire threads, and take up just enough pulp to cover the trays.

工人们将方形托盘或框子深入到纸浆之中, 这种工具的底部是细线做成的网。他们取出足够多的纸浆, 覆盖整个托盘。

That pulp is still dirty though, so it's forced through screens that filter out any remaining residues, like glue or bits of plastic.

这时的纸浆还是脏的，所要通过滤网过滤掉纸浆中所有剩余残渣，比如胶水或塑料碎片。

This bath quickly breaks the paper down into tiny strands of cellulose fibre, creating a mushy substance called " pulp" , basically, wet, lumpy paper.

这个池子快速将纸分解成细小的纤维素纤维，产生“纸浆”这种糊状物质，也就是湿的、块状的纸。