But which histones unravel when depends on various influences.

但哪些组蛋白在什么时候分解取决于各种影响。

Think of how thread is wrapped around spool, that's kind of what histones look like.

想想线如何缠绕到线轴的，组蛋白的样子。

What the histatin-5 does is stop the pirate ships, the bad bugs, from using their ropes-the pili-to dock.

“人富组蛋白”所做的阻止海盗船即有害细菌，使它们无法用绳子即“菌毛”来停靠到码头。

DNA is wound around proteins called histones, which enable cells to pack large amounts of DNA into our nucleus.

DNA 被缠绕在组蛋白上，样细胞能把大量 DNA 塞进细胞里。

If you actually look at how the DNA is organized, the DNA is wrapped around these proteins called histone proteins.

如果你真正观察 DNA 如何组织的，你会发现 DNA 被包裹在些称为组蛋白的蛋白周围。

But yeah, you've also got the methylation and the histone modifications in time points.

但话说回来，你也有在不同时间点的甲基化和组蛋白修饰。

And a bunch of proteins called histones.

以及一组被称为组蛋白的蛋白。

So, in addition to histone and DNA, you also have epigenetic markers.

所以，除了组蛋白和 DNA， 你还有表观遗传标记。

And then there's, you know, other markers looking at histone modification of the DNA, methylation profiles.

此外，还有一些其他指标，比如研究DNA组蛋白修饰、甲基化谱等。

They're all wrapped around histone proteins and coiled up into big groups of material we call chromosomes.

它们都包裹在组蛋白周围，并盘绕成我们称之为染色体的大团物。

When DNA needs to be translated to make proteins, these histones unravel to let out a little bit of DNA at a time.

当DNA需要转换来制造蛋白时，些组蛋白会在每次分散时分解出一点点DNA。

DNA tightly around a long filament of protein called histone. Coiling the molecule into a spring like that compresses it down.

DNA 紧紧围绕着称为组蛋白的蛋白长丝。像样将分子盘绕成弹簧将其压缩。

But fewer of the E. coli were able to successfully attach to the intestinal cells when a particular saliva protein, called histatin-5, was hanging around.

但，当被称为“人富组蛋白”的特殊蛋白在周围时，附着在肠道细胞上的大肠杆菌数量会减少。

You could on paper use it to, since you're manipulating with berberine the gene expression of this enzyme, you can help with HDAC inhibition.

你理论上可以利用它， 因为你通过操控小檗碱来改变种酶的基因表达，你可以帮助抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶。

These machines are called chromatin remodelers, and the way they work is that they basically scoot the DNA around these histones and they allow new pieces of DNA to become exposed.

些“机器”被称为染色重塑器，它们载着 DNA在组蛋白上移动，让新的 DNA 片段暴露出来。

But it also introduces a new problem: your DNA is wrapped SO tightly around the histone that your cell can’t access most of your genetic information anymore.

但它也引入了一个新问题：你的 DNA 被组蛋白包裹得如此紧密，以至于你的细胞无法再访问你的大部分遗传信息。

Your DNA is made up of two strains that wrap around each other in the famous double helix structure, to get even more compact and tiny, that DNA is wrapped around little proteins called histones.

你的DNA由两个菌株组成的，它们以著名的双螺旋结构相互缠绕，变得更加紧密和微小，DNA被包裹在称为组蛋白的小蛋白上。