In one way cytologist do that is by looking at blood samples.

家的一种研究方法就是观察血液样本。

At the cellular level, leukoplakia typically shows a thickened keratin layer.

从层面看，口腔黏膜白斑的典型表现是增厚的角质层。

Time for The Shoutout. Cytology is the study of what? You know what to do.

又到了大答题节目环节。是研究什么的科? 你知道该怎么做。

A cytologist studies living cells, and may focus on those that cause disease. That's your answer and that's your shoutout.

家研究的是活，且关注某些引起病变的。你回答对了吗？这就是本期的大答题节目环节。

Meaning, it doesn't rely solely on the visual data from the cytology slide.

意思是，它不完全依赖涂片的视觉数。

George Papanikolaou's Atlas of Exfoliative Cytology aimed to train other clinicians in his screening method and use drawings to help them identify changes in cervical cells.

乔治·帕帕尼古拉乌的《脱落图谱》旨在培训其他临床生掌握他的筛查方法，使用绘图帮助他们识别宫颈的变化。

In medical practice, cytology is commonly used in diagnostic medicine to identify abnormal cells that may indicate the presence of cancer or other diseases.

在实践中，常用于诊断，以识别可能表明存在癌症或其他疾病的异常。

Soon after, cytologists (cell biologists) proposed that chromosomes were the hereditary material.

不久之后，家（生物家）提出染色体是遗传物质。

Basic sciences of medicine. Anatomy is the study of the physical structure of organisms. In contrast to gross or macroscopic anatomy, cytology and histology are concerned with microscopic structures.

基础，解剖是研究有机体生理结构的科，与大体解剖相反，和组织与微观结构相关。

They looked at whether the initial treatment the patient received was concordant or discordant with the origin Torj predicted based on the cytology.

他们研究了患者最初接受的治疗是否与其根检查结果预测的肿瘤起源一致或不一致。

During treatment, cytology can also be used to assess the response of tumours to chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

在治疗过程中，也可以用于评估肿瘤对化疗或放射治疗的反应。

These studies give one an appreciation for the design and balance of the human body and for living organisms in general.

解剖是对人体结构的研究；生理是对人体功能的研究；其他人体验就包括，组织，胚胎，免疫，内分泌，血液，生物，心理等。

These basically highlight the areas on the cytology image that the AI paid the most attention to when making its prediction.

这些基本上突出了人工智能在做出预测时，对图像中最关注的区域。

Cytology is the part of anatomy that focuses on the study of cells, including their structure, function and behaviour.

是解剖的一部分， 专注于研究，包括它们的结构、功能和行为。

Cytology is the microscopic study of individual cells.

是对个体的微观研究。

In basic medical research, advances in cytology have led to a better understanding of cell biology, which has helped contribute to the development of new treatments for a wide range of diseases.

在基础研究中， 的进步加深了我们对生物的理解，这有助于开发出一系列疾病的新型治疗方法。

This is typically done by analysing cells obtained from various parts of the body, such as the cervix, breast or lungs, using a technique called a cytologic smear or a cytologic brush.

这通常是通过分析从身体各部位（如宫颈、乳房或肺部）获取的来完成的，使用一种称为涂片或刷的技术。