Fleming was, at the time, a lecturer in bacteriology at St Mary's Hospital in London.

当时，弗莱明是伦敦圣玛丽院的细菌学讲师。

It was enough for her to realise, and she did this quite distinctly, that to be the government bacteriologist was no great fry.

这足以让她意识到， 而且她做得非常清楚，成为政府的细菌学家不是什么好事。

Like biochemistry, the overlapping disciplines of bacteriology and virology (later combined as microbiology), situated between science and medicine, developed rapidly in the early 20th century.

与生物化学一样，20世纪初科学与学之间的细菌学和病毒学重叠学科（后来被称为微生物学）发展迅速。

Some of these new bacteria learned how to eat sunshine, producing oxygen, pulling in carbon from the air and destroying the iron food of other microbes by turning it into rust.

一些新出现的细菌学会了如何利用阳光进行光作用， 产生氧气，从空气中吸收碳， 将其转化为铁锈来破坏其他微生物的食物来源。

In a paper published in Nature Communications in April, Tiago Costa, a bacteriologist at Imperial College London, reported that conjugative pili, hair-like filaments that bacteria use to exchange genetic information, can likewise be repurposed to bind them together.

在今4发表于《自然讯》的一篇论文中，伦敦帝国理工学院的细菌学家蒂亚戈·科斯塔报告称，细菌用来交换遗传信息的类似头发的细丝——接菌毛，也可以被重新利用来将它们黏在一起。