So, with Klebsiella, urease makes urea dissociate into carbon dioxide and ammonia.

肺炎克雷产生脲使得尿素分解成二氧化碳和氨。

Klebsiella pneumoniae can normally colonize the oropharynx and the gastrointestinal tract.

正常情况下，肺炎克雷是人体口咽部与胃肠道定植。

Finally, Klebsiella pneumoniae grows well on MacConkey agar, which is a medium that contains a pH sensitive dye and lactose.

最后，肺炎克雷可以在含有pH指示剂MacConkey琼脂养基上良好地生长。

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a multidrug resistant bacterium, which produces different enzymes that break down the structure of antibiotics.

肺炎克雷是一种多重耐药，它能产生多种分解抗生素。

For diagnosis, Klebsiella pneumoniae can be isolated in cultures from blood, sputum, or urine depending on the type of infection.

根据感染类型，从血液、痰液或者尿液中分离出肺炎克雷，即可诊断。

Alright, now Klebsiella pneumoniae is urease positive, which means it can produce an enzyme called urease that dissociates urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.

肺炎克雷脲阳性，可以产生脲，将尿素分解成二氧化碳和氨。

Now, Klebsiella pneumoniae has a number of virulence factors that are like assault weaponry that help it attack and destroy the host cells and evade the immune system.

肺炎克雷具有多种毒力，可以攻击宿主细胞，并逃避免疫。

Now, Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause various hospital-acquired infections in people with underlying illnesses (like diabetes) and in the presence of foreign devices like central venous catheters, endotracheal tubes, or urinary catheters.

同时，肺炎克雷容易在患有基础疾病（如糖尿病）人群和应用中心静脉导管、气管内插管或者导尿管人群中，引起各种医院获得性感染。

It's a multidrug resistant bacteria, and it can be treated with cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems in case of beta-lactamase production; only with carbapenems in case of ESBL production; and with colistin, tigecycline or fosfomycin in case of carbapenemases production.

肺炎克雷也是一种多重耐药，如果产生β-内酰胺，可以用头孢素、氨基糖苷类、氟喹诺酮类以及碳青霉烯类药物治疗；如果产生ESBL，可以只应用碳青霉烯类进行治疗；如果产生碳青霉烯，则应用多粘素、替加环素或磷霉素进行治疗。