Individuals with chronic gout are also at an increased risk for developing kidney stones made of uric acid, as well as urate nephropathy, which is when urate crystals deposit in the interstitium of the kidney.
Some research suggests that these changes in FSGS are a continuation from another nephrotic syndrome called minimal change disease which is also characterized by podocyte injury.
Since parathyroid hormone tells the kidneys to save calcium and get rid of phosphate, calcium again gets lost and phosphate builds up in the blood, following the same pattern as kidney disease, including the thinning of the bones.
The second most common cause of CKD is diabetes, excess glucose in the blood starts sticking to proteins in the blood — a process called non-enzymatic glycation because no enzymes are involved.