A blocked duct is bad news because pancreatic juices start backing up, increasing the pressure, and leading to distention of the duct itself.

管阻塞是件很糟糕，为液会开始回流，增加管腔内压力，导致导管扩张。

To digest a meal, these zymogens are released into the pancreatic duct, and delivered to the small intestine where they are activated by the protease trypsin.

当消化食物时，这些酶原被释放入管，然后进入小肠，在那里它们被蛋白酶激活。

For example the duct may take on a chain-of-lakes pattern due to alternating stenosis and dilation of the ducts.

例如管造影可能会显示狭窄和扩张交替出现“湖链”。

With alcohol abuse it goes like this: alcohol increases zymogen secretion from acinar cells while decreasing fluid and bicarbonate production from the ductal epithelial cells.

酒精滥用是这样发急性腺炎：酒精增加腺泡细胞分泌酶原，同时让管上皮细胞减少生成水和碳酸氢盐。

That gene encodes for an ion transporter, and mutations in that transporter cause the pancreatic secretions to become thick and sticky, leading to obstruction of the ducts.

这个基编码一种离子转运体，该转运体突变会导致腺分泌物变得黏稠，管堵塞。

When the pancreatic acinar cells are damaged or the the pancreatic ducts are blocked, often because of alcohol abuse or gallstones, the inactive zymogens that the pancreas produces can be prematurely converted to active digestive enzymes.

通常由酒精滥用或胆结石导致腺腺泡细胞受损或管阻塞时，腺产生无活性酶原可被过早转化为活性消化酶。

While the pancreatic cells that produced digestive secretions degenerated in the dogs whose pancreatic duct had been tied, the islets of Langerhans remained undamaged.

尽管结扎了管狗产生消化分泌物腺细胞退化了，朗格汉斯岛却未受损伤。

The dogs whose pancreas had been removed altogether developed diabetes, as expected, while the dogs whose ducts had been tied did not.

被完全摘除腺狗如预期那样发展成了糖尿病，而那些管被结扎狗则没有。

They found that it wasn't necessary to ligate a dog's pancreatic ducts in order to collect insulin.

他们发现没有必要结扎狗管来收集岛素。

It read, " Ligate pancreatic ducts of dogs." Banting's idea was to close off the small passages in a dog's pancreas that release its products into the rest of its body.

上面写着：“结扎狗管。”班廷想法是关闭狗腺中小通道，这些通道将其产物释放到身体其他部位。