Insulin is used to reduce blood glucose levels, and glucagon is used to increase blood glucose levels.

胰岛素用来降低血糖水平，而胰高血糖素用来提高血糖水平。

Both drugs belong to a class of medicines called GLP-1 receptor agonists.

这两种药物都属于一类被称为胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的药物。

And the pancreas regulates your blood sugar by releasing two different hormones — insulin and glucagon.

胰腺通过释放两种不同的激素来调节你的血糖——胰岛素和胰高血糖素。

The FDA has also recently approved intranasal glucagon as a treatment for severe hypoglycemia.

食品药品监督管局最近也批准了胰高血糖素鼻粉剂。

So when you eat food, your pancreas produces a hormone called GLP-1.

当你吃东西时，胰腺会产生叫作“GLP-1（胰高血糖素样肽-1）”的激素。

In states of stress, like an infection, the body releases epinephrine, which in turn stimulates the release of glucagon.

在压力状态下，比如发生感染时，身体会产生肾上腺素，从而刺激胰高血糖素的释放。

The pancreas also secretes insulin and glucagon.

胰腺还分胰岛素和胰高血糖素。

And my study of the brain led me to Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, or GLP-1 for short.

我对大脑的研究让我想到了胰高血糖素样肽 1，简称 GLP-1。

Alright, as a quick recap, your pancreas produces both hormones for the endocrine system and digestive enzymes for the exocrine system.

好！快速回顾下：胰腺产生内分系统所需的2种激素胰岛素和胰高血糖素，以及外分系统所需的消化酶。

For example, the amount of glucose in the blood controls the secretion of insulin and glucagons via negative feedback.

例如，血液中的葡萄糖量通过负反馈控制胰岛素和胰高血糖素的分。

DPP4 can degrade the host's glucagon and contribute to compromising glucose homeostasis, as indicated in the study published in Science on August 4.

8 月 4 日发表在《科》杂志上的研究表明，DPP4 可以降解宿主的胰高血糖素，并有助于损害葡萄糖稳态。

Insulin is secreted by beta cells in the center of the islets, and glucagon is secreted by alpha cells in the periphery of the islets.

胰岛素由胰岛中间的β细胞分，而胰高血糖素由胰岛外周的α细胞分。

In general, the body controls how much glucose is in the blood relative to how much gets into the cells with two hormones: insulin and glucagon.

通常，人体用两种激素来控制血液和细胞里的葡萄糖比例：胰岛素与胰高血糖素。

With such a long fast, hormones such as glucagon and epinephrine are released to increase blood glucose levels and more importantly, break down more fat.

如此长时间的禁食，血液中诸如胰高血糖素和肾上腺素等激素水平会升高，以增长血糖值，更重要的是它们可以分解更多脂肪。