Air rushes into the pleural cavity, and the intrapleural pressure increases as it equilibrates with the atmospheric pressure.

气体涌入膜腔，随着逐渐与大气压保持平衡，膜内压升高。

As Corrie was ill with pleurisy, she was put in solitary confinement to prevent contagion.

由患有膜炎，她被单独监禁以防止传染。

Ghon complexes are usually subpleural and occurred in the lower lobes of the lungs.

肺部原发病灶经常发生膜后，位肺叶的下叶。

But it could also be things like pneumonia or pleuritis or even a broken rib.

但也可能是肺炎或膜炎，甚至肋骨骨折。

A small effusion might go unnoticed, whereas a large one might cause pain while inhaling, called pleurisy, or shortness of breath and might be more obvious only when lying down flat.

少量积液可能无法被察觉，然而大量积液可能导致吸气时疼，称作膜炎（或气促），可能平躺时更明显。

Then the whole thing is surrounded by like a Saran Wrap called the pleura, which holds the whole thing together.

然后整个组织被一个叫膜的保鲜膜包裹着，它把整个组织固定在一起。

Just like an abscess, the infected pleural space can develop fibrinous walls and have loculations.

像脓肿一样，被感染的膜腔能形纤维壁和多个小腔。

So there's two sets of pleura.

这里有两组膜。

If there's excess fluid in the pleural space it absorbs some of this vibration energy, and the vibrations can't be felt as strongly.

如果膜腔内有过量的液体，液体可吸收部分震动，使震动减弱。

Alright, as a quick recap - a pleural effusion is when fluid collects in the pleural space around the lungs, restricting expansion and causing pain and difficulty breathing.

得！快速回顾一下：腔积液是指液体汇聚包绕在肺周围的膜腔内，限制肺扩张，造和呼吸困难。

If there were no way out of the pleural space, then it would fill up with fluid, but fortunately, there are lymphatic vessels in the pleura that drain the fluid away and deliver it back into the circulatory system.

如果没有从膜腔出来的途径，那么液体将填满这个间隙，不过幸好，膜里的淋巴管能将液体引流出膜腔，并送回循环系统。

The high pressure forces fluid out of the capillaries and into the pleural space.

高压促使液体流出毛细血管，进入膜腔。

Small transudative pleural effusions resulting from heart failure may be treated with diuretics and sodium restriction, whereas larger pleural effusions due to an oncologic process might require draining with a tube.

对心力衰竭形的少量漏出液，可给利尿剂及限制钠盐摄入，而对由肿瘤侵犯膜导致的大量腔积液，则可能需要插管引流。

They had no resistance to smallpox, pleurisy, syphilis, chicken pox, flu.

他们对天花、膜炎、梅毒、水痘和流感都没有免疫力。

In some accounts, it was pneumonia, and in others, it was pleurisy.

据一些记载，她患的是肺炎，而另一些则称是膜炎。

Franklin died of pleurisy at his home in Philadelphia in 1790. During Stevens' librarian or salesperson hypothetical, he says that there are 18 million salespeople in the United States, which is about right.

富兰克林1790年因膜炎死费城的家中。 在斯蒂文斯提出的图书管理员或销售员的假设情境中，他说美国有大约1800万名销售人员，这个数字大致准确。

In recent years, scientists have hotly debated whether the body tissue came from the top of the insect, known as the notum, or the side of the body, known as the pleura.

近年来，科学家们一直在激烈争论身体组织是来自昆虫的顶部，即 notum， 还是来自身体的侧面，即膜。

I had pleurisy, had a little flare, so I got pleurisy, that's inflammation in my lungs and as a singer you need the lungs.

我得了膜炎， 病情有些加重， 所以患上了膜炎，这是肺部发炎， 而作为一名歌手， 你需要健康的肺。

If the underlying reason is an infection, like a bacterial or mycobacterial infection, then it's also possible for that infection to spread into the pleural space which is a walled off space - a bit like an enormous abscess.

如果原发病是感染，如细菌或分歧杆菌感染，那么感染也可能蔓延到膜腔，即一个被包绕的空间，有点像巨大的脓肿。

This pressure gradient between the lungs and the pleural cavity is referred to as transpulmonary pressure and creates a vacuum effect that is necessary to keep the lungs expanded at all times.

肺和膜腔之间的这种压力梯度被称为经肺压，产生真空效应，这是保持肺始终扩张所必需的。