The peripheral nerves originating from the spinal cord are called the spinal nerves.

脊髓发出的周围神经叫做脊神经。

Each nerve is formed by a dorsal and a ventral root.

每支脊神经都由腹根和背根组成。

You could avulse a nerve root and cause paralysis.

脱脊神经根 然后导致瘫痪。

You can see them compressing at the L4 nerve root.

可以看到它们正挤压第4腰椎上的脊神经根。

Now we have 31 pairs of spinal nerves which branch off the spinal cord.

我们的脊髓分出31对脊神经。

Finally, any growth within the spinal canal like tumor, cysts, or abscesses can cause compression of the spinal nerves.

最后，任何椎管内的占，如肿瘤、囊肿或脓肿，都可压迫脊神经。

Dermatomes of the spinal nerves of the sacral plexus cover almost the entire surface of the thigh, leg, and foot.

骶神经丛的脊神经的皮节包括几乎整个大腿、小腿和足的表面。

Now, each spinal nerve is in charge of the sensation of a specific area of the skin, called a dermatome.

每一根脊神经都负责着特定区的感觉，该区皮节。

The PNS is a vast network of spinal and cranial nerves that are linked to the brain and the spinal cord.

PNS是由连接到脑和脊髓的脊神经和脑神经构成的巨大网络。

It is caused by irritation or damage to the sciatic nerve and spinal nerve roots of sacral plexus, most commonly, as a result of disc herniation.

它是由于坐骨神经或骶神经丛的脊神经根受到刺激或损伤引起的，最常见的病因是继发于椎间盘突出。

In this condition, the prenatal spinal deformities result in only the meninges, and not the spinal nerves, slipping into the gaps between the deformed vertebrae.

这种患儿先天的脊柱畸形只影响脑脊膜，脑脊膜疝入畸形的椎骨间缝隙，而脊神经不受影响。

Some unique symptoms are that the pain of osteoid osteoma typically gets worse at night, while osteochondromas and osteoblastomas sometimes press against spinal nerves, causing numbness and limb weakness.

一些独特的症状如骨样骨瘤的疼痛通常在夜间加剧，而骨软骨瘤、成骨细胞瘤有时压迫脊神经，引起麻木和四肢无力。

Since the spinal nerves are undamaged, people with this form of the disorder are often asymptomatic, and the condition is usually only found accidently later in life.

由于脊神经没有受损，患有这种疾病的人通常没有症状，只在生活中偶然发现。

PNS consists of total 43 pairs of nerve, among which 12 originate in brain, named as cranial nerves and 31 originate from spinal cord, hence called as spinal nerves.

周围神经系统由 43 对神经组成，其中 12 对起源于脑，脑神经，31 对起源于脊髓，故脊神经。

There are 31 pairs of nerves originating from the spinal cord called spinal nerves; there are 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal.

由脊髓发出的31对神经脊神经：包括8对颈神经、12对胸神经、5对腰神经、5对骶神经和1对尾神经。

These are grouped into 8 pairs of cervical nerves, 12 pairs of thoracic nerves, 5 pairs of lumbar nerves, 5 pairs of sacral nerves and 1 pair of coccygeal nerves.

这些脊神经分8对颈神经、12对胸神经、5对腰神经、5对骶神经与1对尾神经。

For peripheral nerves, the cell body can either be located in the spinal cord where it's called a spinal nerve or the brain where it's called a cranial nerve.

周围神经的神经元胞体，若于脊髓中，就脊神经；若于脑中，则脑神经。

The Peripheral Nervous System. The peripheral nervous system includes 12 cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. It can be subdivided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

3。周围神经系统;周围神经系统包括12条脑神经和31对脊神经。它可以细分躯体神经系统和自主神经系统。

It's formed by the spinal nerves L4, L5 and S1, 2 and 3, which leave the spinal canal through the intervertebral foramen, an opening located between the vertebrae and behind intervertebral discs.

它是由脊神经腰4（L4）、腰5（L5）、骶1（S1）、骶2（S2）和骶3（S3）组成；这些神经通过椎间孔离开椎管；椎间孔椎骨之间、椎间盘后方的椎管的开口。

Transverse means extending completely across something, in this case, it refers to going across the spinal cord, and myelitis means inflammation of myelin, which is the fatty substance surrounding nerves.

“横贯性 transverse”代表影响整个平面，这里特指脊髓平面；“脊髓炎 myelitis”代表脊神经髓鞘的炎症；髓鞘是包裹在神经纤维外面的一层脂质。